Recent Changes in Terrestrial Gross Primary Productivity in Asia from 1982 to 2011
by
Kazuhito Ichii 1,2,*, Masayuki Kondo 1, Yuki Okabe 1, Masahito Ueyama 3, Hideki Kobayashi 4
, Seung-Jae Lee 5, Nobuko Saigusa 2, Zaichun Zhu 6,7,8 and Ranga B. Myneni 8
Kazuhito Ichii 1,2,*, Masayuki Kondo 1, Yuki Okabe 1, Masahito Ueyama 3, Hideki Kobayashi 4, Seung-Jae Lee 5, Nobuko Saigusa 2, Zaichun Zhu 6,7,8 and Ranga B. Myneni 8
1
Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
2
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16–2, Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
3
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1–1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
4
Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 3173-25, Showa-machi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0001, Japan
5
National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, Korea
6
State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
7
Center for Applications of Spatial Information Technologies in Public Health, Beijing 100101, China
8
Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, 685 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Remote Sens. 2013, 5(11), 6043-6062; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5116043
Received: 30 September 2013 / Revised: 25 October 2013 / Accepted: 11 November 2013 / Published: 15 November 2013
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring Global Vegetation with AVHRR NDVI3g Data (1981-2011))
Past changes in gross primary productivity (GPP) were assessed using historical satellite observations based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellite series and four terrestrial biosphere models to identify the trends and driving mechanisms related to GPP and NDVI in Asia. A satellite-based time-series data analysis showed that approximately 40% of the area has experienced a significant increase in the NDVI, while only a few areas have experienced a significant decreasing trend over the last 30 years. The increases in the NDVI are dominant in the sub-continental regions of Siberia, East Asia, and India. Simulations using the terrestrial biosphere models also showed significant increases in GPP, similar to the results for the NDVI, in boreal and temperate regions. A modeled sensitivity analysis showed that the increases in GPP are explained by increased temperature and precipitation in Siberia. Precipitation, solar radiation and CO2 fertilization are important factors in the tropical regions. However, the relative contributions of each factor to GPP changes are different among the models.
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License
MDPI and ACS Style
Ichii, K.; Kondo, M.; Okabe, Y.; Ueyama, M.; Kobayashi, H.; Lee, S.-J.; Saigusa, N.; Zhu, Z.; Myneni, R.B. Recent Changes in Terrestrial Gross Primary Productivity in Asia from 1982 to 2011. Remote Sens. 2013, 5, 6043-6062.
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