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Remote Sensing
Volume 14
Issue 17
10.3390/rs14174231
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Article

Analysis of Vegetation Vulnerability Dynamics and Driving Forces to Multiple Drought Stresses in a Changing Environment

by
Xiaoting Wei
1,
Shengzhi Huang
1,*,
Qiang Huang
1,
Dong Liu
1,
Guoyong Leng
2,
Haibo Yang
3,
Weili Duan
4,
Jianfeng Li
5,
Qingjun Bai
1 and
Jian Peng
6,7
1
State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
2
Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3
School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
4
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
5
Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, China
6
Department of Remote Sensing, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research−UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
7
Remote Sensing Centre for Earth System Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Remote Sens. 2022, 14(17), 4231; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174231
Submission received: 26 July 2022 / Revised: 20 August 2022 / Accepted: 24 August 2022 / Published: 27 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensing in Agriculture and Vegetation)
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Abstract

Quantifying changes in the vulnerability of vegetation to various drought stresses in different seasons is important for rational and effective ecological conservation and restoration. However, the vulnerability of vegetation and its dynamics in a changing environment are still unknown, and quantitative attribution analysis of vulnerability changes has been rarely studied. To this end, this study explored the changes of vegetation vulnerability characteristics under various drought stresses in Xinjiang and conducted quantitative attribution analysis using the random forest method. In addition, the effects of ecological water transport and increased irrigation areas on vegetation vulnerability dynamics were examined. The standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and standardized soil moisture index (SSMI) represent atmospheric water supply stress, water and heat supply stress, and soil water supply stress, respectively. The results showed that: (1) different vegetation types responded differently to water stress, with grasslands being more sensitive than forests and croplands in summer; (2) increased vegetation vulnerability under drought stresses dominated in Xinjiang after 2003, with vegetation growth and near-surface temperature being the main drivers, while increased soil moisture in the root zone was the main driver of decreased vegetation vulnerability; (3) vulnerability of cropland to SPI/SPEI/SSMI-related water stress increased due to the rapid expansion of irrigation areas, which led to increasing water demand in autumn that was difficult to meet; and (4) after ecological water transport of the Tarim River Basin, the vulnerability of its downstream vegetation to drought was reduced.
Keywords: vegetation vulnerability; drought stress; seasonal scale; ecological water transport; random forest method vegetation vulnerability; drought stress; seasonal scale; ecological water transport; random forest method
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MDPI and ACS Style

Wei, X.; Huang, S.; Huang, Q.; Liu, D.; Leng, G.; Yang, H.; Duan, W.; Li, J.; Bai, Q.; Peng, J. Analysis of Vegetation Vulnerability Dynamics and Driving Forces to Multiple Drought Stresses in a Changing Environment. Remote Sens. 2022, 14, 4231. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174231

AMA Style

Wei X, Huang S, Huang Q, Liu D, Leng G, Yang H, Duan W, Li J, Bai Q, Peng J. Analysis of Vegetation Vulnerability Dynamics and Driving Forces to Multiple Drought Stresses in a Changing Environment. Remote Sensing. 2022; 14(17):4231. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174231

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei, Xiaoting, Shengzhi Huang, Qiang Huang, Dong Liu, Guoyong Leng, Haibo Yang, Weili Duan, Jianfeng Li, Qingjun Bai, and Jian Peng. 2022. "Analysis of Vegetation Vulnerability Dynamics and Driving Forces to Multiple Drought Stresses in a Changing Environment" Remote Sensing 14, no. 17: 4231. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174231

APA Style

Wei, X., Huang, S., Huang, Q., Liu, D., Leng, G., Yang, H., Duan, W., Li, J., Bai, Q., & Peng, J. (2022). Analysis of Vegetation Vulnerability Dynamics and Driving Forces to Multiple Drought Stresses in a Changing Environment. Remote Sensing, 14(17), 4231. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174231

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