Identifying Oceanic Responses with Validated Satellite Observations after the Passage of Typhoons in the Northern South China Sea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Methods
2.1. Typhoon Feature and Tracks
2.2. Dataset of Oceanic and Atmospheric Features
2.3. In Situ Observations and Validation of Remotely Sensed Data
3. Results
3.1. Spatial Pattern of Typhoon and Typhoon-Induced Changes
3.2. Eddy-Modulated Ocean Surface Changes along the Typhoon Track
4. Discussion
4.1. Dynamics Determine Typhoon-Induced upper Ocean Responses
4.2. Modulation of Typhoon-Forced Oceanic Responses by Pre-Existing Mesoscale Eddies
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Typhoon Name (ID) | Kammuri (ID: 0809) | Nuri (ID: 0812) | Hagupit (ID: 0814) |
---|---|---|---|
Start and end date | 3–8 August | 17–23 August | 17–23 September |
Maximum sustained wind speed (m s−1) | 25.7 (00:00–06:00 6 August) | 38.6 (06:00 19 August to 18:00 20 August) | 46.3 (18:00 23 September) |
Mean translation speed (m s−1) in study region | 4.2 | 4.7 | 8.0 |
Averaged radius (km) with wind speed > 27 m s−1 | / | 67.0 | 82.3 |
Averaged radius (km) with wind speed > 15 m s−1 | 185.5 | 179.0 | 224.5 |
Box | Location of Vertices | Eddy | Eddy Center Location | Period of Eddy | Mean Radius of Eddy (km) | Existence of Eddy during Typhoon | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kammuri | Nuri | Hagupit | ||||||
Lbox | 23.3°N, 115.1°E; 21.9°N, 114.6°E; 19.6°N, 121.1°E; 21.0°N, 121.6°E | ACE2 * | 117.93°E, 17.89°N | 1 August–8 October | 82 | Y | Y | Y |
CE1 | 114.90°E, 20.44°N | 9 August–12 September | 112 | N | Y | N | ||
CE2 * | 117.12°E, 20.19°N | 26 August–31 October | 47 | N | N | Y | ||
CE4 | 114.27°E, 20.55°N | 23–29 September | 57 | N | N | Y | ||
Rbox | 22.0°N, 114.0°E; 20.6°N, 113.5°E; 18.3°N, 120.0°E; 19.7°N, 120.5°E | ACE1 * | 118.79°E, 21.18°N | 28 May–8 October | 89 | Y | Y | Y |
CE3 * | 120.54°E, 19.90°N | 3–30 September | 29 | N | N | Y |
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Jin, W.; Liang, C.; Tian, X.; Hu, J.; Ding, T.; Zhou, B.; Chen, X.; Wang, Y. Identifying Oceanic Responses with Validated Satellite Observations after the Passage of Typhoons in the Northern South China Sea. Remote Sens. 2022, 14, 3872. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14163872
Jin W, Liang C, Tian X, Hu J, Ding T, Zhou B, Chen X, Wang Y. Identifying Oceanic Responses with Validated Satellite Observations after the Passage of Typhoons in the Northern South China Sea. Remote Sensing. 2022; 14(16):3872. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14163872
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Weifang, Chujin Liang, Xinliang Tian, Junyang Hu, Tao Ding, Beifeng Zhou, Xiaoyan Chen, and Yuntao Wang. 2022. "Identifying Oceanic Responses with Validated Satellite Observations after the Passage of Typhoons in the Northern South China Sea" Remote Sensing 14, no. 16: 3872. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14163872