Ozone Continues to Increase in East Asia Despite Decreasing NO2: Causes and Abatements
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. OMI Satellite Measurements
2.1.1. OMI Tropospheric O3 Partial Columns
2.1.2. Tropospheric NO2 and HCHO Columns
2.1.3. HCHO-to-NO2 Ratio (FNR) Analysis
2.2. In Situ Ground Observation Data
2.3. Climate and Air Quality Modeling Based on RCP Scenarios
3. Results
3.1. Lower Free Tropospheric O3 in the Asia–Pacific Region
3.2. Changes in O3 Precursors: NO2 and HCHO
3.3. O3 Continues to Increase Despite Declining NO2 Levels
3.4. Diagnoses of Future O3 Abatements
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lee, H.-J.; Chang, L.-S.; Jaffe, D.A.; Bak, J.; Liu, X.; Abad, G.G.; Jo, H.-Y.; Jo, Y.-J.; Lee, J.-B.; Kim, C.-H. Ozone Continues to Increase in East Asia Despite Decreasing NO2: Causes and Abatements. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112177
Lee H-J, Chang L-S, Jaffe DA, Bak J, Liu X, Abad GG, Jo H-Y, Jo Y-J, Lee J-B, Kim C-H. Ozone Continues to Increase in East Asia Despite Decreasing NO2: Causes and Abatements. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(11):2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112177
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Hyo-Jung, Lim-Seok Chang, Daniel A. Jaffe, Juseon Bak, Xiong Liu, Gonzalo González Abad, Hyun-Young Jo, Yu-Jin Jo, Jae-Bum Lee, and Cheol-Hee Kim. 2021. "Ozone Continues to Increase in East Asia Despite Decreasing NO2: Causes and Abatements" Remote Sensing 13, no. 11: 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112177