Preliminary Research on a Comparison and Evaluation of FY-4A LMI and ADTD Data through a Moving Amplification Matching Algorithm
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Data and Regions
2.1. FY-4A LMI
2.2. Lightning Data and Regions
3. Lightning Detection Principle and Matching Fusion Method
3.1. Lightning Optical Detection and Clustering Principle
3.2. Matching Algorithm and Process
4. Initial Processing and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Lightning Data
4.1. Lightning Clustering and Induction Result Analysis and Partial Data Deviation Analysis
4.2. Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Lightning Data before Matching
5. Matching Analysis of Lightning Data Detected by LMI and ADTD
5.1. Analysis of Temporal Change
5.2. Spatial Variation Analysis of Matching Density
5.3. Feature Analysis of Matching Distance
5.4. Correlation Analysis between LMI Lightning Radiation Intensity and ADTD Lightning Current Intensity
5.5. Characteristic Analysis of Matching Index
6. Conclusions and Prospect Discussions
- This study proposed a new moving amplification matching algorithm and described the basic idea of the algorithm. The application results showed that, compared with the conventional ergodic algorithm, the new moving amplification matching algorithm could significantly reduce the time complexity and operation frequency with the increase in data volume.
- The lightning number detected by the LMI was consistently low before 8:00 AM UTC (16:00 PM BJT), and then it increased gradually. The lightning number detected by ADTD increased from 4:00 AM UTC (12:00 PM BJT) and almost lasted for a whole day. These indicated that the LMI detection was relatively less efficient during the daytime due to the strong background light. Meanwhile, ADTD detection efficiency was higher using the method of capturing electromagnetic pulse signals during the daytime.
- The average daily matching rate of the LMI in July was 63.23% and the range was [19.89%, 90.05%]. The average hourly lightning matching rate of the LMI in July was 75.08%, and the range was [51.01%, 89.06%]. Although the whole change trends of daily or hourly cumulative probability of ADTD and LMI were the same, the independent daily change of ADTD and LMI or the independent hourly change of ADTD and LMI were not strictly the same.
- In the matching array, the average surface distance of the matching data was 35.49 km. About 80% of the matching results were within 57 km, indicating that the principle of spatial threshold was relatively stable. Within the two time scales, the correlation between the LMI lightning radiation intensity and ADTD lightning current intensity was weak. The results showed that there was a good consistency between the four parameters: the matching rate of LMI daily lightning data; the average number of ADTD lightning data, which was matched by at least one LMI lightning datum; the number of LMI daily lightning and the ratio of a single LMI lightning datum matching the multiple ADTD lightning data (n ≥ 2). However, only 22.79% of the daily matching results of the LMI lightning data and the ADTD lightning data had a one-to-one matching relationship.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Area | Time | ADTD | LMI Δ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
South-Western Region | One Month (31 Days) | Strokes *1 | Flashes | Events *2 | Groups *3 | Flashes |
22–32° N, 99–109° E | 1–31 July 2018 | 309,548 | 187,303 | 1,520,879 | 437,784 | 107,170 |
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Li, P.; Zhai, G.; Pang, W.; Hui, W.; Zhang, W.; Chen, J.; Zhang, L. Preliminary Research on a Comparison and Evaluation of FY-4A LMI and ADTD Data through a Moving Amplification Matching Algorithm. Remote Sens. 2021, 13, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010011
Li P, Zhai G, Pang W, Hui W, Zhang W, Chen J, Zhang L. Preliminary Research on a Comparison and Evaluation of FY-4A LMI and ADTD Data through a Moving Amplification Matching Algorithm. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13(1):11. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010011
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Pengfei, Guofu Zhai, Wenjing Pang, Wen Hui, Wenjuan Zhang, Jing Chen, and Liting Zhang. 2021. "Preliminary Research on a Comparison and Evaluation of FY-4A LMI and ADTD Data through a Moving Amplification Matching Algorithm" Remote Sensing 13, no. 1: 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010011
APA StyleLi, P., Zhai, G., Pang, W., Hui, W., Zhang, W., Chen, J., & Zhang, L. (2021). Preliminary Research on a Comparison and Evaluation of FY-4A LMI and ADTD Data through a Moving Amplification Matching Algorithm. Remote Sensing, 13(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010011