Evaluation of the Consistency of Simultaneously Acquired Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 Imagery on Plastic Covered Greenhouses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Sites
3. Datasets and Pre-Processing
4. Methods
4.1. Inter-Sensor Radiometric Coherence
4.2. Comparison Metrics
5. Results
5.1. Inter-Sensor Radiometric Coherence between L8 Products
5.2. Consistency between L8 and S2 Products
5.3. NDVI Comparison
5.4. Sunglint Effects on PCG Areas
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study Site | Date of Acquisition (D/M/Y) | Satellite | Path/Orbit | Row/ID Tile | Start Time (UTC) | Sun Azimuth (Degrees) | Sun Elevation (Degrees) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SS1: Almería (Spain) | 9 January 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 199 | 35 | 10:44:16 | 156.13 | 28.02 |
S2A (L2A) | R094 | 30SWF | 10:56:16 | 162.54 | 29.33 | ||
6 April 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 200 | 34 | 10:49:42 | 142.66 | 53.38 | |
S2A (L2A) | R051 | 30SWF | 10:01:06 | 147.41 | 55.80 | ||
18 June 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 199 | 35 | 10:44:15 | 118.75 | 67.73 | |
S2A (L2A) | R094 | 30SWF | 11:11:04 | 131.58 | 71.63 | ||
25 June 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 200 | 34 | 10:50:04 | 121.67 | 66.97 | |
S2A (L2A) | R051 | 30SWF | 11:01:09 | 125.79 | 69.82 | ||
20 July 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 199 | 35 | 10:44:22 | 121.96 | 65.05 | |
S2B (L2A) | R051 | 30SWF | 11:01:13 | 129.21 | 67.26 | ||
6 September 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 199 | 35 | 10:44:37 | 144.76 | 54.98 | |
S2A (L2A) | R094 | 30SWF | 11:11:00 | 153.17 | 57.21 | ||
SS2: Agadir (Morocco) | 5 January 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 203 | 39 | 11:10:35 | 154.20 | 32.49 |
S2A (L2A) | R037 | 29RMP | 11:32:51 | 160.24 | 34.52 | ||
16 July 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 203 | 39 | 11:10:40 | 107.29 | 67.01 | |
S2B (L2A) | R137 | 29RMP | 11:23:10 | 111.31 | 69.81 | ||
4 October 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 203 | 39 | 11:11:05 | 148.74 | 50.80 | |
S2B (L2A) | R137 | 29RMP | 11:23:02 | 153.49 | 55.22 | ||
SS3: Bari (Italy) | 7 July 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 188 | 31 | 09:34:45 | 131.36 | 64.13 |
S2A (L2A) | R079 | 33TXF | 09:59:19 | 142.03 | 67.86 | ||
27 October 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 188 | 31 | 09:35:14 | 161.85 | 33.68 | |
S2B (L2A) | R036 | 33TXF | 09:49:19 | 165.89 | 35.12 | ||
SS4: Antalya (Turkey) | 12 April 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 178 | 35 | 08:34:06 | 139.54 | 56.42 |
S2B (L2A) | R064 | 36STF | 08:50:16 | 146.15 | 57.94 | ||
1 July 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 178 | 35 | 08:34:32 | 118.33 | 67.08 | |
S2B (L2A) | R064 | 36STF | 08:50:19 | 125.61 | 69.41 | ||
19 September 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 178 | 35 | 08:34:55 | 148.22 | 51.14 | |
S2B (L2A) | R064 | 36STF | 08:50:10 | 153.90 | 52.13 | ||
6 November 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 178 | 35 | 08:35:00 | 160.09 | 35.68 | |
S2A (L2A) | R107 | 36STF | 09:00:09 | 167.28 | 36.59 | ||
8 December 2019 | L8 (L1T-L2) | 178 | 35 | 08:34:56 | 160.26 | 28.64 | |
S2B (L2A) | R064 | 36STF | 08:50:05 | 163.99 | 29.08 |
Acquisition Dates (Aerosol) | Measures | Blue | Green | Red | NIR | SWIR1 | SWIR2 | All Bands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9/1/2019 (13.2%) | RMSE | 4.110 | 3.581 | 3.719 | 2.559 | 2.193 | 2.028 | 3.136 |
r2 | 0.808 | 0.880 | 0.868 | 0.886 | 0.921 | 0.921 | 0.941 | |
6/4/2019 (9.5%) | RMSE | 12.058 | 8.496 | 6.743 | 5.426 | 2.444 | 2.238 | 7.112 |
r2 | 0.941 | 0.976 | 0.973 | 0.969 | 0.990 | 0.994 | 0.932 | |
18/6/2019 (1.4%) | RMSE | 12.205 | 11.325 | 11.625 | 12.593 | 16.592 | 19.513 | 14.300 |
r2 | 0.815 | 0.738 | 0.571 | 0.308 | 0.069 | 0.038 | 0.340 | |
25/6/2019 (0.9%) | RMSE | 13.394 | 10.813 | 8.943 | 6.701 | 7.405 | 8.051 | 9.494 |
r2 | 0.907 | 0.886 | 0.837 | 0.725 | 0.467 | 0.374 | 0.600 | |
20/7/2019 (0.1%) | RMSE | 14.271 | 12.057 | 10.050 | 6.611 | 5.141 | 7.463 | 9.797 |
r2 | 0.988 | 0.988 | 0.988 | 0.991 | 0.993 | 0.994 | 0.897 | |
6/9/2019 (1.2%) | RMSE | 18.198 | 15.087 | 12.171 | 8.192 | 5.122 | 5.838 | 11.792 |
r2 | 0.972 | 0.973 | 0.972 | 0.960 | 0.954 | 0.954 | 0.865 |
Acquisition Dates (Aerosol) | Measures | Blue | Green | Red | NIR | SWIR1 | SWIR2 | All Bands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5/1/2019 (5.2%) | RMSE | 3.797 | 3.373 | 2.868 | 2.445 | 1.898 | 1.914 | 2.807 |
r2 | 0.940 | 0.970 | 0.973 | 0.971 | 0.987 | 0.986 | 0.976 | |
16/7/2019 (33.0%) | RMSE | 9.706 | 7.132 | 6.116 | 4.151 | 4.946 | 7.410 | 6.820 |
r2 | 0.840 | 0.919 | 0.921 | 0.904 | 0.833 | 0.727 | 0.850 | |
4/10/2019 (14.1%) | RMSE | 6.526 | 4.970 | 4.221 | 2.931 | 3.217 | 5.180 | 4.671 |
r2 | 0.901 | 0.987 | 0.992 | 0.989 | 0.993 | 0.994 | 0.946 |
Acquisition Dates (Aerosol) | Measures | Blue | Green | Red | NIR | SWIR1 | SWIR2 | All Bands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7/7/2019 (6.7%) | RMSE | 3.971 | 2.769 | 1.279 | 2.338 | 1.081 | 1.039 | 2.338 |
r2 | 0.914 | 0.972 | 0.981 | 0.905 | 0.930 | 0.904 | 0.904 | |
27/10/2019 (3.1%) | RMSE | 4.228 | 3.079 | 1.803 | 2.492 | 2.336 | 2.256 | 2.809 |
r2 | 0.938 | 0.969 | 0.976 | 0.923 | 0.950 | 0.937 | 0.985 |
Acquisition Dates (Aerosol) | Measures | Blue | Green | Red | NIR | SWIR1 | SWIR2 | All Bands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12/4/2019 (20.3%) | RMSE | 9.623 | 7.098 | 5.665 | 4.183 | 2.615 | 2.537 | 5.857 |
r2 | 0.930 | 0.951 | 0.947 | 0.931 | 0.945 | 0.951 | 0.907 | |
1/7/2019 (5.0%) | RMSE | 11.348 | 8.830 | 7.279 | 4.179 | 3.905 | 4.941 | 7.267 |
r2 | 0.928 | 0.933 | 0.942 | 0.951 | 0.940 | 0.899 | 0.872 | |
19/9/2019 (5.7%) | RMSE | 9.785 | 8.056 | 6.858 | 3.422 | 3.426 | 4.642 | 6.489 |
r2 | 0.938 | 0.961 | 0.968 | 0.971 | 0.975 | 0.984 | 0.889 | |
6/11/2019 (9.5%) | RMSE | 3.132 | 2.611 | 2.190 | 2.063 | 1.321 | 1.302 | 2.203 |
r2 | 0.913 | 0.941 | 0.951 | 0.772 | 0.915 | 0.948 | 0.957 | |
18/12/2019 (29.9%) | RMSE | 3.269 | 2.195 | 1.984 | 2.385 | 1.833 | 1.729 | 2.291 |
r2 | 0.703 | 0.830 | 0.868 | 0.642 | 0.899 | 0.964 | 0.951 |
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Aguilar, M.Á.; Jiménez-Lao, R.; Nemmaoui, A.; Aguilar, F.J.; Koc-San, D.; Tarantino, E.; Chourak, M. Evaluation of the Consistency of Simultaneously Acquired Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 Imagery on Plastic Covered Greenhouses. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12122015
Aguilar MÁ, Jiménez-Lao R, Nemmaoui A, Aguilar FJ, Koc-San D, Tarantino E, Chourak M. Evaluation of the Consistency of Simultaneously Acquired Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 Imagery on Plastic Covered Greenhouses. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12(12):2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12122015
Chicago/Turabian StyleAguilar, Manuel Ángel, Rafael Jiménez-Lao, Abderrahim Nemmaoui, Fernando José Aguilar, Dilek Koc-San, Eufemia Tarantino, and Mimoun Chourak. 2020. "Evaluation of the Consistency of Simultaneously Acquired Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 Imagery on Plastic Covered Greenhouses" Remote Sensing 12, no. 12: 2015. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12122015