Methane Emission Estimates by the Global High-Resolution Inverse Model Using National Inventories
by
Fenjuan Wang 1,2,*
, Shamil Maksyutov 1, Aki Tsuruta 3, Rajesh Janardanan 1, Akihiko Ito 1, Motoki Sasakawa 1, Toshinobu Machida 1, Isamu Morino 1, Yukio Yoshida 1, Johannes W. Kaiser 4, Greet Janssens-Maenhout 5, Edward J. Dlugokencky 6, Ivan Mammarella 7, 
Jost Valentin Lavric 8 and Tsuneo Matsunaga 1
Fenjuan Wang 1,2,*, Shamil Maksyutov 1, Aki Tsuruta 3, Rajesh Janardanan 1, Akihiko Ito 1, Motoki Sasakawa 1, Toshinobu Machida 1, Isamu Morino 1, Yukio Yoshida 1, Johannes W. Kaiser 4, Greet Janssens-Maenhout 5, Edward J. Dlugokencky 6, Ivan Mammarella 7, Jost Valentin Lavric 8 and Tsuneo Matsunaga 1
1
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
2
Department of Climate Change, National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China
3
Climate System Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
4
Deutscher Wetterdienst, 63067 Offenbach, Germany
5
European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21027 Ispra, Italy
6
Earth System Research Laboratory, NOAA, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA
7
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
8
Department Biogeochemical Systems, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Remote Sens. 2019, 11(21), 2489; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212489
Received: 20 September 2019 / Revised: 18 October 2019 / Accepted: 22 October 2019 / Published: 24 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing of Carbon Dioxide and Methane in Earth’s Atmosphere)
We present a global 0.1° × 0.1° high-resolution inverse model, NIES-TM-FLEXPART-VAR (NTFVAR), and a methane emission evaluation using the Greenhouse Gas Observing Satellite (GOSAT) satellite and ground-based observations from 2010–2012. Prior fluxes contained two variants of anthropogenic emissions, Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) v4.3.2 and adjusted EDGAR v4.3.2 which were scaled to match the country totals by national reports to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), augmented by biomass burning emissions from Global Fire Assimilation System (GFASv1.2) and wetlands Vegetation Integrative Simulator for Trace Gases (VISIT). The ratio of the UNFCCC-adjusted global anthropogenic emissions to EDGAR is 98%. This varies by region: 200% in Russia, 84% in China, and 62% in India. By changing prior emissions from EDGAR to UNFCCC-adjusted values, the optimized total emissions increased from 36.2 to 46 Tg CH4 yr−1 for Russia, 12.8 to 14.3 Tg CH4 yr−1 for temperate South America, and 43.2 to 44.9 Tg CH4 yr−1 for contiguous USA, and the values decrease from 54 to 51.3 Tg CH4 yr−1 for China, 26.2 to 25.5 Tg CH4 yr−1 for Europe, and by 12.4 Tg CH4 yr−1 for India. The use of the national report to scale EDGAR emissions allows more detailed statistical data and country-specific emission factors to be gathered in place compared to those available for EDGAR inventory. This serves policy needs by evaluating the national or regional emission totals reported to the UNFCCC.
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Keywords:
methane emissions; NTFVAR; GOSAT; EDGARv4.3.2; UNFCCC reports
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Wang, F.; Maksyutov, S.; Tsuruta, A.; Janardanan, R.; Ito, A.; Sasakawa, M.; Machida, T.; Morino, I.; Yoshida, Y.; Kaiser, J.W.; Janssens-Maenhout, G.; Dlugokencky, E.J.; Mammarella, I.; Lavric, J.V.; Matsunaga, T. Methane Emission Estimates by the Global High-Resolution Inverse Model Using National Inventories. Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 2489.
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