Binary Component Sorption of Cadmium, and Copper Ions onto Yangtze River Sediments with Different Particle Sizes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sediment Samples and Characterization
2.2. Sample Extraction and Analysis
2.3. Sorption and Desorption Experiments
2.4. Sorption Models
2.4.1. Sorption Isotherm
2.4.2. Sorption Kinetics
2.5. Heavy Metal Distribution Coefficient (Kd)
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Concentration and Distribution of Cu and Cd in Sediments
3.2. Kinetic Sorption of Cu and Cd on Sediments
3.3. Sorption Isotherms of Cu and Cd on Sediments
3.4. Distribution Coefficient of Cu and Cd on Sediments
3.5. Desorption of Cu and Cd
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | site | pH | OM (%) | Cu Content (mg kg−1) | Cd Content (mg kg−1) | Particle Size (d0.5) (μm) | Specific Surface Area (m3 g−1) | Sample Number | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 106°32′59″E, 29°32′46″N | Submerged sediment | 7.3 | 3.44 | 19.0 | 0.148 | 319 | 0.0872 | 1-S-L |
156 | 0.133 | 1-S-M | |||||||
72.9 | 0.436 | 1-S-S | |||||||
Riparian sediment | 7.4 | 3.41 | 21.3 | 0.164 | 322 | 0.0627 | 1-R-L | ||
165 | 0.124 | 1-R-M | |||||||
67.9 | 0.406 | 1-R-S | |||||||
2 | 106°32′46″E, 29°33′51″N | Submerged sediment | 7.2 | 3.88 | 17.1 | 0.200 | 317 | 0.0941 | 2-S-L |
151 | 0.123 | 2-S-M | |||||||
71.2 | 0.379 | 2-S-S | |||||||
Riparian sediment | 7.6 | 3.55 | 21.0 | 0.174 | 316 | 0.0742 | 2-R-L | ||
163 | 0.130 | 2-R-M | |||||||
69.3 | 0.353 | 2-R-S |
Sediment | Double Constant | Pseudo-First-Order | Pseudo-Second-Order | Elovich | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | b | R2 | Qe | K1 | R2 | Qe | K2 | h | R2 | K | α | R2 | ||
Cu | 1-S-L | 7.30 | 2.58 × 10−2 | 0.981 | 7.70 | 9.76 | 0.999 | 7.83 | 3.23 | 198 | 0.998 | 2.67 × 108 | 2.88 | 0.971 |
1-S-M | 7.48 | 1.69 × 10−2 | 0.990 | 7.75 | 12.0 | 0.999 | 7.83 | 5.04 | 308 | 0.999 | 3.58 × 108 | 2.89 | 0.974 | |
1-S-S | 7.68 | 5.25 × 10−3 | 0.999 | 7.77 | 18.9 | 0.999 | 7.79 | 17.5 | 1.07 × 103 | 0.999 | 4.21 × 108 | 2.87 | 0.952 | |
1-R-L | 7.17 | 3.25 × 10−2 | 0.973 | 7.68 | 8.46 | 0.998 | 7.84 | 2.47 | 152 | 0.998 | 1.83 × 108 | 2.85 | 0.969 | |
1-R-M | 7.50 | 1.64 × 10−2 | 0.989 | 7.77 | 11.9 | 0.999 | 7.85 | 5.04 | 310 | 0.998 | 3.57 × 108 | 2.89 | 0.966 | |
1-R-S | 7.72 | 7.99 × 10−4 | 0.999 | 7.73 | 31.3 | 0.999 | 77.4 | 1.38 | 8.25 × 103 | 0.999 | 4.24 × 108 | 2.88 | 0.942 | |
Cd | 1-S-L | 0.371 | 5.35 × 10−2 | 0.992 | 0.409 | 8.38 | 0.964 | 0.422 | 35.2 | 6.27 | 0.989 | 5.84 × 105 | 46.0 | 0.997 |
1-S-M | 0.388 | 4.35 × 10−2 | 0.988 | 0.421 | 8.66 | 0.984 | 0.432 | 40.1 | 7.48 | 0.997 | 5.63 × 106 | 50.5 | 0.988 | |
1-S-S | 0.415 | 2.52 × 10−2 | 0.984 | 0.437 | 10.1 | 0.999 | 0.444 | 59.9 | 11.8 | 0.999 | 1.61 × 107 | 50.9 | 0.973 | |
1-R-L | 0.348 | 6.08 × 10−2 | 0.998 | 0.386 | 8.81 | 0.944 | 0.400 | 37.1 | 5.93 | 0.973 | 9.30 × 104 | 43.6 | 0.953 | |
1-R-M | 0.385 | 4.33 × 10−2 | 0.987 | 0.418 | 8.61 | 0.984 | 0.429 | 40.0 | 7.37 | 0.998 | 5.61 × 105 | 50.8 | 0.988 | |
1-R-S | 0.431 | 8.18 × 10−3 | 0.998 | 0.438 | 16.5 | 0.999 | 0.441 | 197 | 38.3 | 0.999 | 2.34 × 106 | 60.0 | 0.981 |
Sediment | Cu2+ | Cd2+ | Cu2+ + Cd2+ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K (L mmol−1) | QMAX (mmol kg−1) | R2 | K (L mmol−1) | QMAX (mmol kg−1) | R2 | K (L mmol−1) | QMAX (mmol kg−1) | R2 | |
1-S-L | 15.3 | 19.9 | 0.931 | 1.16 × 104 | 0.274 | 0.884 | 49.4 | 18.1 | 0.946 |
1-S-M | 26.3 | 25.2 | 0.988 | 2.59 × 103 | 0.376 | 0.947 | 21.8 | 25.6 | 0.990 |
1-S-S | 57.3 | 48.2 | 0.990 | 5.26 × 103 | 0.638 | 0.922 | 47.2 | 40.4 | 0.971 |
1-R-L | 70.6 | 17.1 | 0.986 | 4.15 × 105 | 0.226 | 0.628 | 59.6 | 17.2 | 0.975 |
1-R-M | 15.2 | 20.7 | 0.980 | 3.57 × 103 | 0.345 | 0.686 | 14.7 | 20.8 | 0.983 |
1-R-S | 14.6 | 34.7 | 0.9856 | 7.80 × 103 | 0.490 | 0.661 | 14.6 | 35.5 | 0.985 |
Sediment | Cu2+ | Cd2+ | Cu2+ + Cd2+ | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
q | BCu | BCd | R2 | q | BCd | BCu | R2 | q | BCd | BCu | R2 | |
1-S-L | 19.9 | 25.3 | 0.106 | 0.986 | 0.315 | 6.91 × 103 | 173 | 0.986 | 20.3 | 109 | 23.0 | 0.960 |
1-S-M | 26.4 | 28.1 | 1.40 | 0.990 | 0.432 | 3.52 × 103 | 117 | 0.967 | 25.6 | 31.9 | 19.1 | 0.990 |
1-S-S | 62.3 | 44.5 | 10.6 | 0.990 | 0.641 | 2.54 × 103 | 89.2 | 0.922 | 47.8 | 0.00240 | 61.7 | 0.988 |
1-R-L | 17.9 | 78.7 | 28.8 | 0.989 | 0.240 | 6.26 × 103 | 39.5 | 0.646 | 17.2 | 0.00310 | 76.5 | 0.985 |
1-R-M | 20.7 | 15.2 | 0.0902 | 0.979 | 0.302 | 5.32 × 103 | 40.5 | 0.753 | 20.3 | 94.3 | 7.64 | 0.994 |
1-R-S | 36.1 | 14.2 | 2.30 | 0.986 | 0.490 | 3.41 × 103 | 23.0 | 0.661 | 33.8 | 11.4 | 14.8 | 0.986 |
Cu | Cd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | |
1-S-L | 610 | 416 | 164 | 62.6 | 36.7 | 21.3 | 724 | 55.4 | 13.2 | 6.69 | 3.09 | 3.76 |
1-S-M | 413 | 318 | 263 | 133 | 71.4 | 39.4 | 400 | 98.8 | 24.3 | 8.87 | 5.96 | 4.74 |
1-S-S | 1.93 × 103 | 2.04 × 103 | 2.51 × 103 | 1.32 × 103 | 976 | 703 | 1.42 × 103 | 1.54 × 103 | 137 | 22.9 | 11.5 | 9.08 |
1-R-L | 283 | 362 | 227 | 52.2 | 29.8 | 21.0 | 514 | 116 | 9.35 | 4.47 | 2.34 | 2.22 |
1-R-M | 147 | 2542 | 152 | 54.9 | 35.8 | 25.4 | 371 | 120 | 35.0 | 7.98 | 4.24 | 3.34 |
1-R-S | 919 | 620 | 373 | 211 | 111 | 86.6 | 1.11 × 103 | 1.28 × 103 | 118 | 14.5 | 6.74 | 4.76 |
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Fan, J.; Zhao, G.; Sun, J. Binary Component Sorption of Cadmium, and Copper Ions onto Yangtze River Sediments with Different Particle Sizes. Sustainability 2017, 9, 2089. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9112089
Fan J, Zhao G, Sun J. Binary Component Sorption of Cadmium, and Copper Ions onto Yangtze River Sediments with Different Particle Sizes. Sustainability. 2017; 9(11):2089. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9112089
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan, Jianxin, Guoliang Zhao, and Jiaoxia Sun. 2017. "Binary Component Sorption of Cadmium, and Copper Ions onto Yangtze River Sediments with Different Particle Sizes" Sustainability 9, no. 11: 2089. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9112089