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Sustainability
Volume 17
Issue 23
10.3390/su172310455
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Review

A Comprehensive Review on Atrazine Adsorption: From Environmental Contamination to Efficient Removal Technologies

by
Yamil L. Salomón
1,
Jordana Georgin
2,3,*,
Daniel Gustavo Piccilli Allasia
1,
Matias Schadeck Netto
4,
Chukwunonso O. Aniagor
5,
Joshua O. Ighalo
5 and
Dison S. P. Franco
3,*
1
Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
2
Graduate Program in Civil Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105–900, Brazil
3
Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55–66, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
4
Department of Chemical Engineering, Integrated Regional University, Santo Angelo 98802–470, Brazil
5
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka PMB 5025, Nigeria
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2025, 17(23), 10455; https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310455
Submission received: 26 October 2025 / Revised: 13 November 2025 / Accepted: 18 November 2025 / Published: 21 November 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

The expansion of global agriculture has intensified the use of herbicides such as atrazine (ATZ), resulting in widespread environmental contamination. Given its documented harmful effects, the development of effective treatment strategies is crucial. This review synthesizes the fundamental mechanisms behind ATZ adsorption, identifying it as a spontaneous and energetically favorable process, predominantly governed by specific physicochemical interactions. The analysis reveals that adsorption efficiency is critically influenced by the pH of the medium, since this parameter determines the charge state of the adsorbent surface and the ATZ molecule itself, thus modulating the attractive forces. The high adsorption capacity observed in various materials is intrinsically linked to their porous architecture and surface area, which facilitate the capture and retention of molecules. The desorption process, in turn, demonstrates the reversible nature of certain interactions, allowing for the regeneration and reuse of materials. The unique contribution of this analysis lies in its mechanistic approach, which transcends the mere presentation of data to offer guiding principles for the design of adsorbents. By connecting operational parameters to molecular phenomena, the review establishes a critical basis for translating promising laboratory results into real-world applications, providing a roadmap for developing practical and sustainable solutions against ATZ contamination.
Keywords: atrazine; adsorption; contamination; toxicology; environment atrazine; adsorption; contamination; toxicology; environment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Salomón, Y.L.; Georgin, J.; Allasia, D.G.P.; Netto, M.S.; Aniagor, C.O.; Ighalo, J.O.; Franco, D.S.P. A Comprehensive Review on Atrazine Adsorption: From Environmental Contamination to Efficient Removal Technologies. Sustainability 2025, 17, 10455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310455

AMA Style

Salomón YL, Georgin J, Allasia DGP, Netto MS, Aniagor CO, Ighalo JO, Franco DSP. A Comprehensive Review on Atrazine Adsorption: From Environmental Contamination to Efficient Removal Technologies. Sustainability. 2025; 17(23):10455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310455

Chicago/Turabian Style

Salomón, Yamil L., Jordana Georgin, Daniel Gustavo Piccilli Allasia, Matias Schadeck Netto, Chukwunonso O. Aniagor, Joshua O. Ighalo, and Dison S. P. Franco. 2025. "A Comprehensive Review on Atrazine Adsorption: From Environmental Contamination to Efficient Removal Technologies" Sustainability 17, no. 23: 10455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310455

APA Style

Salomón, Y. L., Georgin, J., Allasia, D. G. P., Netto, M. S., Aniagor, C. O., Ighalo, J. O., & Franco, D. S. P. (2025). A Comprehensive Review on Atrazine Adsorption: From Environmental Contamination to Efficient Removal Technologies. Sustainability, 17(23), 10455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310455

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