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Sustainability
Volume 17
Issue 13
10.3390/su17135775
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Analysis of Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology for Converter Stations and Pumped Storage Power Stations Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process

by
Xiaoxuan Bai
1,†,
Junqi Yang
2,3,†,
Jiahao Ren
2,3,*,
Peng Li
1,* and
Hezhong Tian
2,3
1
Jibei Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Beijing 100045, China
2
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation &Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3
Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Sustainability 2025, 17(13), 5775; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135775
Submission received: 15 April 2025 / Revised: 14 June 2025 / Accepted: 17 June 2025 / Published: 23 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Treatment, Waste Valorization and Environment Sustainability)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study investigates sewage treatment technologies at manned and unmanned converter stations and pumped storage power stations across various regions of China, considering the regional differences in water availability, infrastructure, and ecological conditions. Using a multi-criteria evaluation approach, this study analyzes key factors, such as economic characteristics, technical characteristics, and efficiency, to assess the most suitable sewage treatment solutions. Powered Eco-type Sewage Treatment Units and Powered Underground Units perform best in southern and eastern China, where advanced infrastructure supports high treatment demands. Conversely, Septic Tanks show the lowest performance across all the regions, particularly in remote and water-scarce areas like northeast and northwest China. For pumped storage power stations, AAO+MBR and Multi-stage A/O processes are most effective in regions with high water reuse needs. This study highlights the necessity of region-specific water management strategies and technological upgrades to ensure efficient sewage treatment and sustainable water use across China’s power grid infrastructure.
Keywords: sewage; analytic hierarchy process; power grid; converter stations; pumped storage power stations sewage; analytic hierarchy process; power grid; converter stations; pumped storage power stations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bai, X.; Yang, J.; Ren, J.; Li, P.; Tian, H. Analysis of Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology for Converter Stations and Pumped Storage Power Stations Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Sustainability 2025, 17, 5775. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135775

AMA Style

Bai X, Yang J, Ren J, Li P, Tian H. Analysis of Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology for Converter Stations and Pumped Storage Power Stations Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Sustainability. 2025; 17(13):5775. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135775

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bai, Xiaoxuan, Junqi Yang, Jiahao Ren, Peng Li, and Hezhong Tian. 2025. "Analysis of Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology for Converter Stations and Pumped Storage Power Stations Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process" Sustainability 17, no. 13: 5775. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135775

APA Style

Bai, X., Yang, J., Ren, J., Li, P., & Tian, H. (2025). Analysis of Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology for Converter Stations and Pumped Storage Power Stations Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Sustainability, 17(13), 5775. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135775

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