Employee Performance Implications of CSR for Organizational Resilience in the Banking Industry: The Mediation Role of Psychological Empowerment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background and Literature Review
2.1. Examining Human Resource Management Benefits of CSR Perceptions
2.2. Psychological Empowerment and Its Implications on HRM Outcomes
2.3. Job Performance
3. Research Hypotheses
3.1. CSR Employee Perceptions and Job Performance
3.2. CSR Employee Perceptions and Psychological Empowerment
3.3. Psychological Empowerment and Job Performance
4. Method
4.1. Participants
4.2. Measures
5. Results
6. Discussion
7. Implications
8. Conclusions
9. Limitations and Future Directions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gender | Male | 47.2% |
Female | 52.8% | |
Age | 18–24 | 0% |
25–34 | 17.8% | |
35–44 | 40.6% | |
45–54 | 37.6% | |
55–64 | 4.0% | |
Educational level | Secondary education | 20.8% |
Bachelor’s degree | 68.3% | |
Master’s degree | 10.9% | |
Doctoral degree | 0% | |
Work experience | <1 year | 1.0% |
1–5 years | 2.5% | |
6–10 years | 15.8% | |
11–20 years | 39.6% | |
>20 years | 41.1% | |
Monthly income | <EUR 800 | 0% |
EUR 801–EUR 1200 | 17.8% | |
EUR 1201–EUR 1600 | 16.3% | |
EUR 1601–EUR 2000 | 20.3% | |
EUR 2001–EUR 3000 | 38.1% | |
>EUR 3000 | 7.4% |
Variable | Scale | Example Items |
---|---|---|
Perceived CSR | Synthesis of existing scales: Lichtenstein et al. [140]; Maignan and Ferrell [141]; Montgomery and Stone [142] Empirically validated by Lee, Park and Lee [57] | “My company helps solve social problems” (philanthropic); “My company emphasizes the importance of its social responsibilities to its employees” (ethical); “My company tries to offer environmentally friendly products” (environmental) |
Psychological empowerment | Spreitzer [76,79] | “The work that I do is very important to me” (meaning); “I have mastered the skills necessary for my job” (competence); “I have significant autonomy in determining how I do my job” (self-determination); “I have significant influence over what happens in my department” (impact) |
Job performance | Williams and Anderson [143] | “I can competently complete assigned work”; “I can perform the duties of my job description”; “I never neglect my job responsibilities” |
Mean | std | CA | CR | AVE | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSR activities | 4.68 | 1.126 | 0.967 | 0.948 | 0.906 | 0.952 | ||||
(1) CSR philanthropic | 5.76 | 0.965 | 0.845 | 0.725 | 0.647 | 0.606 | 0.805 | |||
(2) CSR Ethical | 4.97 | 1.295 | 0.921 | 0.894 | 0.700 | 0.530 | 0.517 | 0.837 | ||
(3) CSR environmental | 5.20 | 0.771 | 0.905 | 0.882 | 0.546 | 0.383 | 0.460 | 0.411 | 0.739 | |
(4) Empowerment | 5.88 | 0.671 | 0.943 | 0.920 | 0.806 | 0.231 | 0.197 | 0.124 | 0.454 | 0.898 |
(5) Job performance | 4.68 | 1.126 | 0.967 | 0.948 | 0.906 | 0.952 |
Path Estimates | Sig. | Hypothesis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
CSR_PHIL → J_PERF | −0.115 | 0.163 | 1a | Not supported |
CSR_ETHIC → J_PERF | −0.019 | 0.836 | 1b | Not supported |
CSR_ENVIR → J_PERF | 0.084 | 0.211 | 1c | Not supported |
CSR_PHIL → EMPOWER | 0.175 | 0.006 | 2a | Supported |
CSR_ETHIC → EMPOWER | 0.220 | 0.003 | 2b | Supported |
CSR_ENVIR → EMPOWER | 0.180 | 0.012 | 2c | Supported |
EMPOWER → J_PERF | 0.536 | 0.000 | 3 | Supported |
Original Sample (O) | Sig. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
CSR_PHIL → EMPOWER → J_PERF | 0.094 | 0.005 | Indirect effect | Supported |
CSR_ETHIC → EMPOWER → J_PERF | 0.118 | 0.005 | Indirect effect | Supported |
CSR_ENVIR → EMPOWER → J_PERF | 0.096 | 0.013 | Indirect effect | Supported |
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Dekoulou, P.; Anastasopoulou, A.; Trivellas, P. Employee Performance Implications of CSR for Organizational Resilience in the Banking Industry: The Mediation Role of Psychological Empowerment. Sustainability 2023, 15, 11946. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511946
Dekoulou P, Anastasopoulou A, Trivellas P. Employee Performance Implications of CSR for Organizational Resilience in the Banking Industry: The Mediation Role of Psychological Empowerment. Sustainability. 2023; 15(15):11946. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511946
Chicago/Turabian StyleDekoulou, Paraskevi (Evi), Anna Anastasopoulou, and Panagiotis Trivellas. 2023. "Employee Performance Implications of CSR for Organizational Resilience in the Banking Industry: The Mediation Role of Psychological Empowerment" Sustainability 15, no. 15: 11946. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511946
APA StyleDekoulou, P., Anastasopoulou, A., & Trivellas, P. (2023). Employee Performance Implications of CSR for Organizational Resilience in the Banking Industry: The Mediation Role of Psychological Empowerment. Sustainability, 15(15), 11946. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511946