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Volume 15
Issue 13
10.3390/su151310344
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Article

Evolution of Soil Chemical Fertility in an Area under Recovery for 30 Years with Anthropic Intervention

by
Josiane Lourencetti
1,*,
Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini
2,*,
Marcelo Andreotti
1,
Marlene Cristina Alves
1,
Alfredo Bonini Neto
3,
Melissa Alexandre Santos
1,
Vitor Correa de Mattos Barretto
2 and
Roberth Wicleff Rodrigues de Figueredo
2
1
Department of Plant Health, Rural Engineering and Soils, College of Engineering, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
2
Department of Plant Production, School of Agronomic and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo 17900-000, Brazil
3
Department of Biosystems Engineering, School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Tupã, São Paulo 17602-496, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2023, 15(13), 10344; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310344
Submission received: 8 May 2023 / Revised: 5 June 2023 / Accepted: 26 June 2023 / Published: 30 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vegetation Restoration and Sustainable Management)
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Abstract

The investigation and application of recovery techniques associated with the use of qualitative and quantitative indicators enable the ecological restoration of these sites. In this context, the main difficulty consists of establishing the A horizon, capable of supporting the emergence of other horizons, choosing appropriate species, and adding organic matter to the soil in a balanced way. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate over time (1992 to 2022) the chemical properties of a stripped oxisol that has been in the recovery process for 30 years, using liming, gypsum, and plant species. All treatments were cultivated with Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) in 1999 and tree species in 2010, and the contents of phosphorus, organic matter, pH, and base saturation. ANOVA and Scott–Knott test (5%), Pearson correlation, and response surface analysis were performed for each studied soil attribute. The results showed that the treatments with green manure + limestone + gypsum had the highest values of organic matter compared to the recovery treatments and that the treatments have been efficient in soil recovery. Therefore, the soil undergoing recovery showed an increase in P, OM, pH, and base saturation until 2011, and the response surface method was the most efficient in analyzing the results over time.
Keywords: green manure species; organic matter; pH; revegetation; signalgrass; soil degradation green manure species; organic matter; pH; revegetation; signalgrass; soil degradation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lourencetti, J.; Bonini, C.d.S.B.; Andreotti, M.; Alves, M.C.; Bonini Neto, A.; Santos, M.A.; Barretto, V.C.d.M.; de Figueredo, R.W.R. Evolution of Soil Chemical Fertility in an Area under Recovery for 30 Years with Anthropic Intervention. Sustainability 2023, 15, 10344. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310344

AMA Style

Lourencetti J, Bonini CdSB, Andreotti M, Alves MC, Bonini Neto A, Santos MA, Barretto VCdM, de Figueredo RWR. Evolution of Soil Chemical Fertility in an Area under Recovery for 30 Years with Anthropic Intervention. Sustainability. 2023; 15(13):10344. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310344

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lourencetti, Josiane, Carolina dos Santos Batista Bonini, Marcelo Andreotti, Marlene Cristina Alves, Alfredo Bonini Neto, Melissa Alexandre Santos, Vitor Correa de Mattos Barretto, and Roberth Wicleff Rodrigues de Figueredo. 2023. "Evolution of Soil Chemical Fertility in an Area under Recovery for 30 Years with Anthropic Intervention" Sustainability 15, no. 13: 10344. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310344

APA Style

Lourencetti, J., Bonini, C. d. S. B., Andreotti, M., Alves, M. C., Bonini Neto, A., Santos, M. A., Barretto, V. C. d. M., & de Figueredo, R. W. R. (2023). Evolution of Soil Chemical Fertility in an Area under Recovery for 30 Years with Anthropic Intervention. Sustainability, 15(13), 10344. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310344

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