Community Renewal under Multi-Stakeholder Co-Governance: A Case Study of Shanghai’s Inner City
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Methodology
4. Case Analysis: Elevator Installation under Multi-Stakeholder Co-Governance
4.1. Background
4.2. Case Analysis of Multi-Stakeholder Co-Governance
4.2.1. Independent Negotiation of Residents
“The owners’ committee is the main body to apply for the elevator installation, but they refused, so we signed an agreement with them, that is, they are exempt from liability and only responsible for stamping, and the relevant legal responsibility and economic responsibility is our own.”
“At the first consultation, the compliance rate (consensual rate) of every building was 97% or 98%, and only one or two households in every building disagreed. However, when we later submitted the relevant materials to the district housing office after we reached an agreement rate of over 90% for every building, the staff said that there was still another regulation at the end of the document, that is, the remaining 10% of residents could not have strong objections” [40].
“At that time, we needed to obtain the consent of more than 90% of each building to install the elevator. There were 20 households in one building, and if two households disagreed, the elevator could not be installed. As long as one household doesn’t agree, we need to communicate and negotiate. It doesn’t matter if the household doesn’t want to pay for the installation as long as they sign up to let us install it. There was a situation where two families in a building refuse to pay for the installation, but that is not the same as not agreeing to install an elevator, and if they don’t agree with installing it, we can’t install it at all.”
“The expenses of elevator in every building are apportioned to every floor in proportion, and then is equally apportioned to the households on each floor. However, there are four households of small size and another four of large size on the sixth floor of the five multistory residential buildings in Yuanlong, which makes some residents of small units think the scheme is unfair and opposed to it. However, the elevators are used by people, and it is also unfair to apportion expenses according to the area of the house.”
“Some residents are unwilling to pay, which would be apportioned equally by the remaining households on the same floor. If they want to take the elevator again, they need to pay for the expenses first.”
4.2.2. From “Lead” to “Guide” by Government
4.2.3. Active Assistance of 3C and Third Parties
“Yuanlong Apartment is relatively small, and many cars cannot be parked in the community because of its construction. We helped residents contact the surrounding units through the town government and neighborhood committee and let them park for free. Some cars were parked in Longtan Community (an adjacent community).”
4.3. Results of Elevator Installation in Yuanlong Apartment
“In the past, the residents of Yuanlong generally did not participate in community activities. Through this project, residents are now more actively participating in community activities, such as the election of the neighborhood committee last year (2018), election of the Longtan Owners Committee this year (2019), and garbage classification. In the past, residents were bystanders. Now they are actively participating, and some volunteers come out on duty every day to supervise garbage classification. Additionally, residents are very active and voluntary during the COVID-19 pandemic. We are now doing the ‘beautiful Louzu’ (each building is considered one Louzu) activities, which need to clear the corridor heap, and the residents are very cooperative. The relationship between the residents is also better. Elevator installation is a project that unites the hearts of the residents.”
“Since the elevators were installed, the relationship between the residents has become much better. A discussion corner was built in the corridor on the first floor. Sofas and chairs were provided to us by the neighborhood committee (Figure 4b). We often meet there to discuss things.”
5. Discussion
“Because of the structure of the house, we have a larger size so we paid more money. Originally, it was shared according to the floor, but later there were some quarrels saying that it should be according to the area of the house: the bigger the house, the more money they should pay. We had a bigger house than they did, so we paid more just to make sure the elevator was installed faster.”
“(The installation of) the elevator is a recent work, the follow-up management is a big problem, many people want to hand over it to the property company, but there are no government documents. There is no standard for the takeover of property companies to refer to, and whether the property company is willing to take it over is also a problem. Five years from now, if there are problems with the elevators, the government and the community will need to jointly explore how to solve the problems.”
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Interview Coding | Total Number of Interviewing | Interview Date | Identity Information |
---|---|---|---|
YW1 | 3 | 30 June 2019 12 July 2019 9 March 2021 | Secretary of the Community Party Headquarters |
YW2 | 1 | 12 July 2019 | Neighborhood-committee cadres; member of the joint construction group for adding elevators; community resident |
YM3 | 1 | 12 July 2019 | Neighborhood-committee cadres |
YM4 | 1 | 12 July 2019 | Community building leader |
YW5 | 2 | 30 June 2019 9 March 2021 | Member of the joint construction group for adding elevators |
YW6 | 1 | 30 June 2019 | Head of elevator company |
YM7 | 1 | 12 July 2019 | Community resident |
YW8 | |||
YW9 | 1 | 9 March 2021 | Community resident |
YM10 |
Appendix B
I. Outline of the Interview with Neighborhood Committee |
|
II. Outline of the Interview with Joint Construction Group Members/Ordinary Residents |
|
III. Outline of the Interview with the Third Party |
|
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Floor | Number of Households per Floor | Cost-Sharing Ratio (%) | Total Contract Cost: CNY 610,000 | Actual Amount Paid after Government Subsidies: CNY 370,000 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Per Floor | Per Household | Apportionment Amount per Household (CNY) | |||
1st | / | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2nd | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3rd | 4 | 12.08 | 3.02 | 18,422 | 11,174 |
4th | 4 | 16.48 | 4.12 | 25,132 | 15,244 |
5th | 4 | 20.88 | 5.22 | 31,842 | 19,314 |
6th | 8 | 50.56 | 6.32 | 38,552 | 23,384 |
Floor | Number of Households per Floor | Electricity Cost-Sharing Ratio (%) | Cost of Cleaning and Maintenance of Elevator | Cost of Elevator Repair (Overhaul) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Per Floor | Per Household | Apportionment Amount per Household (CNY) | |||
1st | / | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2nd | 4 | 12 | 3 | Apportioned by the Owners Using Elevators | Apportioned by the Owners Using Elevators |
3rd | 4 | 14 | 3.5 | ||
4th | 4 | 16 | 4 | ||
5th | 4 | 18 | 4.5 | ||
6th | 8 | 40 | 5 |
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Li, S.; Liu, Z.; Ye, C. Community Renewal under Multi-Stakeholder Co-Governance: A Case Study of Shanghai’s Inner City. Sustainability 2022, 14, 5491. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095491
Li S, Liu Z, Ye C. Community Renewal under Multi-Stakeholder Co-Governance: A Case Study of Shanghai’s Inner City. Sustainability. 2022; 14(9):5491. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095491
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Simeng, Zhimin Liu, and Chao Ye. 2022. "Community Renewal under Multi-Stakeholder Co-Governance: A Case Study of Shanghai’s Inner City" Sustainability 14, no. 9: 5491. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095491