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Sustainability
Volume 14
Issue 21
10.3390/su142114470
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Article

Long-Term Correlations and Cross-Correlations in Meteorological Variables and Air Pollution in a Coastal Urban Region

by
Anderson Palmeira
1,
Éder Pereira
2,
Paulo Ferreira
3,4,5,*,
Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas
6 and
Davidson Martins Moreira
1
1
Manufacturing and Technology Integrated Campus, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, Bahia, Brazil
2
Instituto Federal do Maranhão, Bacabal 65700-000, Maranhão, Brazil
3
VALORIZA—Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
4
Department of Economic Sciences and Organizations, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal
5
CEFAGE, IIFA, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
6
Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14470; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114470
Submission received: 14 September 2022 / Revised: 25 October 2022 / Accepted: 1 November 2022 / Published: 4 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Air Pollution Management and Environment Research)
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Abstract

In this work, we evaluated the evolution of some atmospheric pollutants (O3, NOx and PM10) over time and their relationship with four different climate variables (solar irradiation, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed). To this end, we assessed the long-range dependence of those concentrations with a Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and analyzed the cross-correlation of such dependence with the climate variables through a Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient Analysis (ρDCCA). The results show that air pollution tends to increase over time, impairing air quality and likely affecting human health. The results indicate a cross-correlation between air pollution and the climatic variables, which persisted for a certain period, with a greater correlation between O3 concentration and wind, mainly temperature, and a negative correlation with humidity for all monitoring stations. Moreover, unlike O3 and PM10, NOx concentrations always had a persistent behavior in the region of study for the entire analyzed period.
Keywords: air pollution; detrended cross-correlation analysis; emissions; long memory air pollution; detrended cross-correlation analysis; emissions; long memory

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MDPI and ACS Style

Palmeira, A.; Pereira, É.; Ferreira, P.; Diele-Viegas, L.M.; Moreira, D.M. Long-Term Correlations and Cross-Correlations in Meteorological Variables and Air Pollution in a Coastal Urban Region. Sustainability 2022, 14, 14470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114470

AMA Style

Palmeira A, Pereira É, Ferreira P, Diele-Viegas LM, Moreira DM. Long-Term Correlations and Cross-Correlations in Meteorological Variables and Air Pollution in a Coastal Urban Region. Sustainability. 2022; 14(21):14470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114470

Chicago/Turabian Style

Palmeira, Anderson, Éder Pereira, Paulo Ferreira, Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas, and Davidson Martins Moreira. 2022. "Long-Term Correlations and Cross-Correlations in Meteorological Variables and Air Pollution in a Coastal Urban Region" Sustainability 14, no. 21: 14470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114470

APA Style

Palmeira, A., Pereira, É., Ferreira, P., Diele-Viegas, L. M., & Moreira, D. M. (2022). Long-Term Correlations and Cross-Correlations in Meteorological Variables and Air Pollution in a Coastal Urban Region. Sustainability, 14(21), 14470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114470

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