The Impact of Family Socioeconomic Status on Learning Conformity among Chinese University Students: Self-Efficacy as Mediating Factor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review and Research Hypothesis
2.1. Learning Conformity Can Categorize into Three Types Based on Learning Motivation
2.2. The Effect of Family Socioeconomic Status on Learning Conformity
2.3. Mediating Effects of General Self-Efficacy
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Participants and Procedures
3.2. Measures
3.2.1. Learning Conformity Scale
3.2.2. Family Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire
3.2.3. General Self-Efficacy Scale
3.3. Statistical Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Common Method Bias
4.2. Preliminary Analysis
4.3. The Structural Equation Model
4.4. Significance Tests for Mediation Effects
5. Discussion
5.1. Explore and Validate the Classification of Learning Conformity
5.2. Differential Performance of Correlation Analysis
5.3. The Effect of Family Socioeconomic Status on Learning Conformity
5.4. Mediating Effects of General Self-Efficacy
6. Limitations
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Scale | Scale Dimension Items | Description and Sample Items |
---|---|---|
Learning conformity scale | Learning abidance | Studying at university is my favorite and hobby. |
Learning obedience | Studying at university can develop and worth my career in the future. | |
learning compliance | Studying at university can satisfy and happily benefit the family. |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex (1) | 1 | |||||||||
Place of origin (2) | −0.064 | 1 | ||||||||
Grade (3) | 0.059 | −0.093 | 1 | |||||||
School Level (4) | 0.101 | 0.308 ** | 0.043 | 1 | ||||||
Subject (5) | 0.019 | 0.025 | −0.025 | −0.036 | 1 | |||||
Family socioeconomic status (6) | −0.020 ** | −0.368 ** | 0.036 | −0.341 ** | 0.116 * | 1 | ||||
Self-efficacy (7) | −0.030 ** | −0.266 ** | 0.025 | −0.476 ** | 0.155 ** | 0.523 ** | 1 | |||
Learning abidance (8) | −0.028 | −0.544 ** | 0.015 | −0.429 ** | 0.034 | 0.627 ** | 0.048 | 1 | ||
Learning Obedience (9) | −0.020 | 0.482 ** | −0.014 | 0.002 | 0.108 * | 0.312 ** | 0.425 ** | −0.421 ** | 1 | |
Learning compliance (10) | 0.082 | −0.400 ** | 0.027 | −0.294 ** | −0.060 | −0.338 ** | 0.299 ** | −0.238 ** | −0.328 ** | 1 |
Analysis Path | Total Effect | Indirect Effect | Direct Effect | SE | 95% CIs of Indirect Effect | Percentage of Total Effects (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||||||
FSES → Self-efficacy → Learning Abidance | 0.33 | 0.197 | 0.133 | 0.032 | 0.142 | 0.271 | 59.70% |
FSES → Self-efficacy → Learning Compliance | −0.356 | 0.386 | −0.742 | 0.07 | 0.266 | 0.548 | 52.02% |
FSES → Self-efficacy → Learning Obedience | 0.654 | −0.233 | 0.887 | 0.032 | −0.301 | −0.173 | 26.26% |
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Xiao, B.; Song, G. The Impact of Family Socioeconomic Status on Learning Conformity among Chinese University Students: Self-Efficacy as Mediating Factor. Sustainability 2022, 14, 9845. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169845
Xiao B, Song G. The Impact of Family Socioeconomic Status on Learning Conformity among Chinese University Students: Self-Efficacy as Mediating Factor. Sustainability. 2022; 14(16):9845. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169845
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao, Bin, and Guandong Song. 2022. "The Impact of Family Socioeconomic Status on Learning Conformity among Chinese University Students: Self-Efficacy as Mediating Factor" Sustainability 14, no. 16: 9845. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169845