Uptake Prediction of Eight Potentially Toxic Elements by Pistia stratiotes L. Grown in the Al-Sero Drain (South Nile Delta, Egypt): A Biomonitoring Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Field and Laboratory
2.3. Water Sampling
2.4. Chemical Analysis
2.5. Quality Assurance and Quality Control
2.6. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Value | pH | PTE Concentration (μg/L) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cd | Co | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | Zn | ||
Minimum | 7.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 62.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 243.0 | 9.0 |
Maximum | 8.9 | 36.0 | 100.0 | 22.0 | 980.0 | 1160.0 | 110.0 | 461.0 | 200.0 |
Mean (n = 108) | 7.5 | 3.5 | 20.0 | 8.2 | 523.6 | 234.7 | 47.3 | 308.2 | 26.5 |
CV (%) | 5.7 | 120.9 | 70.7 | 75.4 | 52.3 | 112.9 | 34.6 | 9.2 | 95.1 |
Tissue | Value | PTE Concentration (mg/kg) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cd | Co | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | Zn | ||
Shoot system | Minimum | 0.1 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 35.0 | 105.7 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 18.9 |
Maximum | 3.5 | 13.5 | 200.3 | 3272.0 | 852.5 | 50.6 | 73.1 | 113.9 | |
Mean (n = 108) | 0.9 | 5.2 | 55.5 | 974.1 | 331.5 | 6.8 | 42.0 | 37.1 | |
CV (%) | 87.1 | 65.7 | 93.8 | 89.5 | 59.3 | 120.3 | 41.7 | 46.5 | |
Root system | Minimum | 0.1 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 288.0 | 200.5 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 20.4 |
Maximum | 3.4 | 35.2 | 93.0 | 5637.0 | 1474.4 | 90.6 | 60.5 | 124.7 | |
Mean (n = 108) | 1.0 | 17.6 | 10.0 | 2511.0 | 1160.7 | 20.4 | 39.8 | 48.2 | |
CV (%) | 66.5 | 55.8 | 105.8 | 63.4 | 33.5 | 59.5 | 42.6 | 40.9 | |
t-value | 0.4 ns | 12.5 *** | 8.8 *** | 8.4 *** | 26.2 *** | 11.0 *** | 0.9 ns | 4.4 *** | |
Phytotoxic range ‡ | 5–30 | 15–50 | 20–100 | >1000 | 400–1000 | 40–246 | 30–300 | 100–500 |
PTE | BCF | TF |
---|---|---|
Cd | 520.7 ± 52.3a | 2.1 ± 0.4b |
Co | 1418.3 ± 151.6a | 0.6 ± 0.1a |
Cu | 2990.3 ± 368.3a | 7.1 ± 0.8c |
Fe | 8974.2 ± 1136.9a | 0.7 ± 0.1a |
Mn | 39,642.5 ± 8247.3b | 0.3 ± 0.0a |
Ni | 471.7 ± 24.6a | 0.4 ± 0.1a |
Pb | 128.7 ± 5.2a | 1.9 ± 0.3b |
Zn | 2316.3 ± 119.3a | 0.9 ± 0.1ab |
F-value | 20.9 *** | 50.7 *** |
Equation | R2 | ME | MNAE | Student’s t-Test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
t-Value | p | ||||
Shoot system | |||||
Cd = 7.74 − 0.14 × Cdwater − 0.83 × pH | 0.299 *** | 0.664 | 0.336 | 0.738 | 0.465 |
Co = 29.70 + 0.18 × Cowater − 3.71 × pH | 0.325 *** | 0.716 | 0.254 | 0.728 | 0.471 |
Cu = 257.25 − 4.77 × Cuwater − 21.58 × pH | 0.518 *** | 0.748 | 0.215 | 0.378 | 0.708 |
Fe = 4531.40 + 0.67 × Fewater − 529.12 × pH | 0.279 *** | 0.605 | 0.382 | 0.954 | 0.347 |
Mn = −1863.31 + 0.06 × Mnwater + 289.66 × pH | 0.592 *** | 0.811 | 0.179 | 0.121 | 0.904 |
Ni = 20.94 + 0.09 × Niwater − 2.69 × pH | 0.225 *** | 0.575 | 0.472 | 1.361 | 0.182 |
Pb = 113.52 − 0.20 × Pbwater − 1.07 × pH | 0.186 *** | 0.569 | 0.575 | 1.433 | 0.161 |
Zn = −28.60 + 0.21 × Znwater + 8.05 × pH | 0.157 *** | 0.386 | 0.591 | 1.800 | 0.080 |
Root system | |||||
Cd = 7.37 − 0.04 × Cdwater − 0.86 × pH | 0.294 *** | 0.625 | 0.351 | 0.953 | 0.346 |
Co = −27.23 − 0.17 × Cowater + 6.53 × pH | 0.253 *** | 0.581 | 0.433 | 1.329 | 0.192 |
Cu = 3.90 − 0.11 × Cuwater + 0.74 × pH | 0.147 *** | 0.367 | 0.628 | 1.969 | 0.057 |
Fe = 8457.90 − 2.44 × Fewater − 628.29 × pH | 0.212 *** | 0.571 | 0.512 | 1.387 | 0.173 |
Mn = −482.67 + 0.16 × Mnwater + 213.23 × pH | 0.173 *** | 0.445 | 0.585 | 1.734 | 0.092 |
Ni = 9.66 + 0.23 × Niwater + 0.16 × pH | 0.177 *** | 0.492 | 0.584 | 1.562 | 0.127 |
Pb = −157.31 + 0.29 × Pbwater + 14.22 × pH | 0.405 *** | 0.742 | 0.248 | 0.663 | 0.512 |
Zn = −51.83 − 0.08 × Znwater + 13.50 × pH | 0.263 *** | 0.600 | 0.431 | 0.960 | 0.343 |
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Eid, E.M.; Dakhil, M.A.; Hassan, L.M.; Salama, S.G.; Galal, T.M. Uptake Prediction of Eight Potentially Toxic Elements by Pistia stratiotes L. Grown in the Al-Sero Drain (South Nile Delta, Egypt): A Biomonitoring Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095276
Eid EM, Dakhil MA, Hassan LM, Salama SG, Galal TM. Uptake Prediction of Eight Potentially Toxic Elements by Pistia stratiotes L. Grown in the Al-Sero Drain (South Nile Delta, Egypt): A Biomonitoring Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13(9):5276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095276
Chicago/Turabian StyleEid, Ebrahem M., Mohammed A. Dakhil, Loutfy M. Hassan, Shaimaa G. Salama, and Tarek M. Galal. 2021. "Uptake Prediction of Eight Potentially Toxic Elements by Pistia stratiotes L. Grown in the Al-Sero Drain (South Nile Delta, Egypt): A Biomonitoring Approach" Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095276