Development of the RACI Model for Processes of the Closure Phase in Construction Programs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Construction Program
2.2. Program Life Cycle and Closure Phase
2.2.1. Project Life Cycle and Closeout Phase
2.2.2. Program Life Cycle and Closure Phase
2.2.3. Difference between Project and Program Closure Phases
2.3. Responsibility Assignment Matrix Analysis Techniques
3. Research Framework
3.1. Research Targets and Methods
3.2. Research Framework
4. Process Identification of Closure Phase
4.1. Case Studies of Work Processes at the Closure Phase
4.2. Identification of Closure Phase Activities
4.3. Reorganization of Closure Phase Processes
4.4. Categorization of Activities for Each Process
4.5. Expert Validation
4.5.1. Adequacy and Field Applicability
4.5.2. Interviews on the Results
4.6. Subconclusion
5. Stakeholder Identification at Closure Phase
5.1. Definition of Stakeholder’s Responsibilities and Roles
5.2. Case Studies of Stakeholders at Closure Phase
5.3. Stakeholder Importance
6. RACI Model for Process
6.1. Establishment of Criteria for Stakeholders’ Responsibilities and Roles for Each Process
6.1.1. RACI Table of the MSP Program Closure Phase
6.1.2. USFK Base Relocation Program’s Closure Phase RACI Matrix
6.1.3. Establishment of Criteria for Roles and Responsibilities
6.2. Expert Interviews on Responsibilities and Roles of Stakeholders
6.3. RACI Models Proposed for Each Process
6.4. Validation of RACI Model
6.4.1. Validation of Correlation between Stakeholder Importance and the Responsibilities and Roles
6.4.2. Additional Opinions Regarding Research Results
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
APM | Association for Project Management |
CIOB | Chartered Institute of Building |
CLN, CN | Client |
CM | Construction Management |
CMAA | Construction Management Association of America |
CMAK | Construction Management Association of Korea |
CTR, CT | Contractor |
DoD | Department of Defense |
DOE | Department of Energy |
DPW | Directorate of Public Works |
FAR | Federal Acquisition Regulation |
FED | Far East District |
FF&E | Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment |
FMI | Fails Management Institute |
IPD | Integrated Project Delivery |
ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
LEED | Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design |
LH | Korea Land and Housing Corporation |
MND | Ministry of National Defense |
MOLIT | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport |
MSP | Managing Successful Programmes |
MURO | MND USFK Relocation Office |
PMI | Project Management Institute |
PMC | Program Management Consortium |
PRINCE2 | PRojects IN Controlled Environments |
PgMr, PM | Program Manager |
PMBOK | Project Management Body of Knowledge |
PMO | Program Management Office |
PPP | Public-Private Partnership |
PVT | Performance Verification Test |
O&M | Operation and Maintenance |
RACI | Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed |
RAM | Responsibility Assignment Matrix |
RIBA | Royal Institute of British Architects |
TAB | Testing Adjusting Balancing |
USACE | US Army Corps of Engineers |
USFK | United States Forces Korea |
US | User |
YRP | Yongsan Relocation Program |
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PMI [19] | Initiating | Planning | Executing | Monitoring and Controlling | Closing |
PRINCE 2 [20] | Preproject Initiation | Subsequent Delivery | Final Delivery | ||
ISO21500 [21] | Initiating | Planning | Implementing | Controlling | Closing |
RIBA [22] | Strategic definition | Preparationandbriefing Concept design | Spatial coordination Technical design Construction | Handover | Use |
CIOB [23] | Inception | Feasibility Strategy | Preconstruction Construction | Testing and commissioning Completion, handover, and operation | Postcompletion review and in use |
APM [24] | Concept | Definition | Development | Handover and closure | Benefit realization Operation Termination |
CMAA [25] | Predesign | Design Procurement | Construction | Closeout | |
Korea law [26] | Predesign | Design Procurement | Construction | Postconstruction |
PMI [2] | Definition | Delivery | Closure |
Thiry [28] | Definition | Deployment | Closure |
Gower [29] | Initiate | Delivery | Close |
MSP [30] | Identifying a program Defining a program | Manage traches (Deliver the capability, Realise the benefits) | Close a program |
CMAA [12] | Program development | Design Procurement Construction | Postconstruction |
This research | Definition | Delivery | Closure |
No. | Activities | Cases | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | E | F | ||
1 | Closeout Meeting | ● | ● | ● | |||
2 | Contractor Punch List Inspection | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
3 | Warranty Management | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
4 | Prefinal/Final Inspection | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
5 | O&M Manuals and Training | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
6 | Confirm User Requirement | ● | ● | ● | |||
7 | Coordination of Communication Requirements | ● | ● | ● | |||
8 | Handover of Keys and Spare Parts | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
9 | Furniture Installation | ● | ● | ● | |||
10 | Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing, PVT | ● | ● | ● | |||
11 | Commissioning | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
12 | Closeout Submittals | ● | ● | ● | |||
13 | Complete Contract Document | ● | ● | ||||
14 | Personnel Reassignment | ● | ● | ● | |||
15 | Test Results Submission | ● | ● | ● | |||
16 | As-built Drawings (Final) | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
17 | Permit and Completion Submission | ● | ● | ● | |||
18 | Lessons Learned and Risk Transition | ● | ● | ||||
19 | Action Plan for Remaining Open Items | ● | ● | ● | |||
20 | Celebration of Success | ● | |||||
21 | Coordinates Training with End-User | ● | ● | ● | |||
22 | Completion Payment/Final Payroll | ● | ● | ● | |||
23 | Program Completion | ● | ● | ● | |||
24 | Program Projects Interface | ● | ● | ● | |||
25 | Maintenance Management | ● | ● | ● | |||
26 | Program Activation or Startup | ● | ● | ||||
27 | Contractual/Financial Closure | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||
28 | Program Evaluation | ● | ● | ● | |||
29 | Achieve Customer Objectives | ● | ● | ● | |||
30 | Handover Document Signature | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
Classification | A: CLN | B: CTR | C: PgMr | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total respondents (49 persons) | 22 | 8 | 19 | |
Working experience | 1~10 years | 5 | 2 | - |
11~20 years | 9 | 3 | 7 | |
More than 20 years | 8 | 3 | 12 |
Code | Activities | 1st Identified | 2nd Adjusted |
---|---|---|---|
CP 1 | Closeout Meeting | ○ | ★ |
CP 2 | Contractor Punchlist Inspection | ○ | ★ |
CP 3 | Warranty Management | ○ | ★ |
CP 4 | Prefinal/Final Inspection | ○ | ★ |
CP 5 | O&M Manuals and Training | ○ | ★ |
CP 6 | Confirm User Requirement | ○ | ★ |
CP 7 | Coordination of Communication Requirements | ○ | ▲(31) |
CP 8 | Handover of Keys and Spare Parts | ○ | ★ |
CP 9 | Furniture Installation | ○ | ★ |
CP 10 | Testing, Adjusting and Balancing, PVT | ○ | ★ |
CP 11 | Commissioning | ○ | ★ |
CP 12 | Closeout Submittals | ○ | ▲(15) |
CP 13 | Complete Contract Document | ○ | ▲(27) |
CP 14 | Personnel Reassignment | ○ | ★ |
CP 15 | Test Results Submission | ○ | ★ |
CP 16 | As-built Drawing (Final) | ○ | ★ |
CP 17 | Permit & Completion Submission | ○ | ★ |
CP 18 | Lessons Learned and Risk Transition | ○ | ★ |
CP 19 | Action Plan for Remaining Open Items | ○ | ★ |
CP 20 | Celebration of success | ○ | √ |
CP 21 | Coordinates Training with End-User | ○ | ▲(5) |
CP 22 | Completion Payment/Final Payroll | ○ | ▲(27) |
CP 23 | Program Completion | ○ | ▲(27) |
CP 24 | Program Project Interface | ○ | ▲(31) |
CP 25 | Maintenance Management | ○ | ★ |
CP 26 | Program Activation or Startup | ○ | ★ |
CP 27 | Contractual/Financial Closure | ○ | ★ |
CP 28 | Program Evaluation | ○ | ★ |
CP 29 | Achieve Customer Objectives | ○ | ▲(40) |
CP 30 | Handover Document Signature | ○ | ▲(8) |
CP 31 | Interface of Stakeholders | ★ (◎) | |
CP 32 | Closeout Checklist | ★ (◎) | |
CP 33 | Punchlist Completion | ★ (◎) | |
CP 34 | Real Property | ★ (◎) | |
CP 35 | User Move-in Coordination | ★ (◎) | |
CP 36 | Energization | ★ (◎) | |
CP 37 | Operational Trial | ★ (◎) | |
CP 38 | Transition and Relocation | ★ (◎) | |
CP 39 | Communication of Timeline Impact | ★ (◎) | |
CP 40 | Satisfaction Assessment | ★ (◎) |
CMAA (2015) | Delaney (2014) | YRP PgM (2014) | Restructured |
---|---|---|---|
7 Processes | 9 Processes | 8 Processes | 9 Processes |
• Program Completion (i) | • Startup and Testing (c) | • Red Zone Meeting (A) | A. Closeout Meeting |
• Program Projects • Interface (g) | • Owner Training (e) | • O&M Plan, Manual, Training (e) | B. Substantial Completion |
• Maintenance Management (E) | • Beneficial Occupancy (g) | • Testing, Adjusting and Balancing (c) | C. Commissioning |
• Activation (G) | • Substantial Completion (B) | • Commissioning (C) | D. Final Inspection |
• Facility Management (e) | • Punchlist (d) | • Substantial Completion (B) | E. Maintenance Management |
• Administrative Closeout (i) | • Final Inspection (D) | • Final Inspection (D) | F. Handover |
• Program Evaluation (H) | • Final Documentation (d) | • Turnover (F) | G. Activation |
• Final Acceptance (f) | • Contract Closure (i) | H. Program Evaluation | |
• Release of Retention (i) | I. Program Closure |
Process | Activities | |
---|---|---|
A. Closeout Meeting | a1 Closeout Meeting a3 Interface of Stakeholders | a2 User Requirement a4 Closeout Checklist |
B. Substantial Completion | b1 Completion of Contract Document | b2 Contract’s Punchlist Inspection |
C. Commissioning | c1 Commissioning and Startup c3 TAB, PVT, CCTV, LAN | c2 Energization (Elect. Testing) |
D. Final Inspection | d1 Pre and Final Inspection (Plan and Submittal) | d2 Punchlist Completion |
E. Maintenance Management | e1 O&M (Plan and Manual) e3 Warranty Management (Plan and Review) | e2 Training |
F. Handover | f1 Handover (Plan) f3 Keys and Spare Parts f5 Permit Submission | f2 As-Built Drawings f4 Test, Inspection Report f6 Real Property |
G. Activation | g1 FF&E g3 Transition and Relocation | g2 Trial Operational g4 Coordination and Control |
H. Program Evaluation | h1 Satisfaction Assessment | h2 Program Evaluation |
I. Program Closure | i1 Contractual Closure i3 Lessons Learned/Transition | i2 Personnel Reassignment i4 Finalization of Claim |
Cases | Stakeholders | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
CLN | PgMr | CTR | User | |
Incheon International Airport construction | Incheon International Airport Corporation | P company | S company H company K company | Incheon International Airport Corporation |
Gyeongbu High-Speed Railway construction | Korea Rail Network Authority | B company | S company H company D company | Korea Railroad Corporation |
Multi-functional Administrative City construction | National Agency for Administrative City Construction | H company | D company H company L company | Sejong Special Self-Governing City |
Stakeholders | Aver. | Power (P) | ||||
Very High (5) | High (4) | Med. (3) | Low (2) | Very Low (1) | ||
CLN (Pe) | 4.93 | 14 | 1 | - | - | - |
PgMr (Pp) | 4 | 2 | 7 | 2 | - | - |
CTR (Pc) | 3.08 | - | 4 | 5 | 3 | - |
User (Pu) | 4.08 | 4 | 6 | 3 | - | - |
Stakeholders | Aver. | Interest (I) | ||||
Very High (5) | High (4) | Med. (3) | Low (2) | Very Low (1) | ||
CLN (Ie) | 4.87 | 13 | 2 | - | - | - |
PgMr (Ip) | 4.18 | 3 | 7 | 1 | - | - |
CTR (Ic) | 3.67 | 1 | 6 | 5 | - | - |
User (Iu) | 4.38 | 6 | 6 | 1 | - | - |
Stakeholders | Power (A) | Interest (B) | (A×B) | SI (%) | Weight |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CLN | 4.93 | 4.87 | 24.0 | 34.3 | 0.343 |
PgMr | 4 | 4.18 | 16.7 | 23.9 | 0.239 |
CTR | 3.08 | 3.67 | 11.3 | 16.2 | 0.162 |
User | 4.08 | 4.38 | 17.9 | 25.6 | 0.256 |
Sum (Aver.) | 16.09 (4.0) | 17.1 (4.3) | 69.9 (17.5) | 100 (25) | 1.00 |
Flow Steps | Stakeholders | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
SRO | PgMr | BCMs | Program Office | |
Confirm on-going support is in place | A | R | C | C |
Confirm program closure | A | C | C | I |
Notify program is about to close | A | R | C | I |
Review program | A | C | R | I |
Update and finalize program information | A | R | C | C |
Provide feedback to corporate governance | A | R | C | I |
Disband program organization and supporting functions | A | R | I | I |
Activities | Stakeholders | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
CLN | PMC | CTR | User | |
Red Zone meeting | C | R | C | C |
Contractor’s Completion Inspection | C | A | R | I |
Commissioning | C | A | R | I |
TAB | C | A | R | I |
PVT | C | A | R | I |
Prefinal Inspection | A | R | I | C |
Final Inspection | C | A | R | I |
Q&M Training Plan | C | A | R | I |
Q&M Manual | C | A | R | I |
O&M Training | C | A | R | C |
Closeout Submittals | C | A | R | I |
Warranty Implementation | A | I | R | C |
As-Built Drawings | C | A | R | C |
Keys & Spare Parts | C | A | R | I |
Lessons Learned | C | A | R | I |
Contractual Closure | A | R | C | I |
Warranty Inspection | A | I | R | C |
Stakeholders | Role | Responsibility |
---|---|---|
CLN | • Ensure successful completion of the project in accordance with the contract documents. | • Participate in prefinal inspection and final inspection to confirm construction completion. |
PgMr |
|
|
CTR | • Manage the work so that it is acceptable and completed on time. |
|
User |
|
|
Div. | Description | Point |
---|---|---|
R | Prepare for work activities with responsibility for the performance of the activity | 4 |
A | Approve or sign that activity is acceptable | 3 |
C | Have the information and the ability to complete the task (Supports) | 2 |
I | Notify results, provide information; no consulting required | 1 |
PROCESS Activities | Stakeholders Group (56 People) | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CLN (0.343) | PgMr (0.239) | CTR (0.162) | User (0.256) | |||||||||||||
CL | PM | CT | US | CL | PM | CT | US | CL | PM | CT | US | CL | PM | CT | US | |
A. Closeout Meeting | ||||||||||||||||
a1 | 3.12 | 3.85 | 1.83 | 1.16 | 2.86 | 3.88 | 1.83 | 1.33 | 2.85 | 3.85 | 1.85 | 1.28 | 1.32 | 3.5 | 1.84 | 2.5 |
a2 | 2.61 | 1.83 | 1.16 | 3.67 | 2.72 | 1.22 | 1.78 | 3.56 | 2.88 | 1.66 | 1.22 | 3.44 | 2.83 | 1.56 | 1.27 | 3.66 |
a3 | 3.07 | 3.84 | 1.62 | 1.31 | 3.15 | 3.76 | 1.69 | 1.31 | 3.06 | 3.84 | 1.65 | 1.38 | 1.38 | 3.84 | 1.62 | 3.15 |
a4 | 3.15 | 3.84 | 1.69 | 1.38 | 3.07 | 3.92 | 1.62 | 1.31 | 3.07 | 3.92 | 1.69 | 1.37 | 3.08 | 3.93 | 1.38 | 1.62 |
B. Substantial Completion | ||||||||||||||||
b1 | 1.75 | 3.12 | 3.85 | 1.25 | 1.75 | 3 | 3.87 | 1.37 | 1.71 | 3.86 | 3 | 1.42 | 1.38 | 3 | 3.87 | 1.75 |
b2 | 1.87 | 3.87 | 3 | 1.12 | 1.86 | 3.85 | 3.12 | 1.12 | 3.87 | 3.12 | 2 | 1.12 | 1.25 | 3.87 | 3.12 | 1.75 |
C. Commissioning | ||||||||||||||||
c1 | 1.87 | 3.37 | 3.65 | 1.25 | 1.75 | 3.37 | 3.75 | 1.37 | 1.87 | 3.37 | 3.65 | 1.37 | 1.12 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.87 |
c2 | 1.87 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1.87 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.37 | 1.87 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.37 |
c3 | 2 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 1.87 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 |
D. Final Inspection | ||||||||||||||||
d1 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 3.25 | 1.65 | 3.65 | 1.25 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.37 | 2 | 3.87 | 3.25 |
d2 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.25 | 2 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.36 | 1.75 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.12 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.65 |
E. Maintenance Management | ||||||||||||||||
e1 | 1.85 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.25 | 1.65 | 3.37 | 3.65 | 1.12 | 2 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.35 | 1.12 | 3.12 | 3.75 | 1.75 |
e2 | 1.65 | 1.25 | 3.62 | 3.25 | 1.12 | 1.75 | 3.75 | 3.25 | 3.25 | 1.25 | 3.87 | 1.87 | 1.75 | 1.25 | 3.75 | 3.25 |
e3 | 3.25 | 1.35 | 3.87 | 2 | 3.12 | 1.12 | 3.87 | 1.65 | 3.12 | 1.65 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 1.12 | 3.87 | 1.65 |
F. Handover | ||||||||||||||||
f1 | 2 | 3 | 3.75 | 1 | 1.5 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.5 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1.12 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.65 |
f2 | 1.75 | 3.12 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.25 | 3.12 | 3.75 | 1.65 | 1.75 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.87 |
f3 | 1.75 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.12 | 3.15 | 3.87 | 1.65 | 1.25 | 3 | 3.87 | 1.65 | 1.12 | 3.65 | 3.75 | 1.65 |
f4 | 1.75 | 3 | 3.75 | 1 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.87 | 1.12 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.65 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.87 |
f5 | 1.65 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.65 | 1.12 | 3.37 | 3.65 | 1.65 | 1.12 | 3 | 3.87 | 1.75 |
f6 | 1.75 | 3 | 3.87 | 1 | 1.12 | 1.65 | 3.87 | 3 | 3 | 1.75 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1.25 | 1.75 | 3.75 | 3.25 |
G. Activation | ||||||||||||||||
g1 | 1.75 | 1.12 | 3.87 | 3 | 1.65 | 1.12 | 3.87 | 3 | 1.75 | 1.12 | 3.12 | 3.75 | 1.65 | 1.12 | 3.87 | 3.12 |
g2 | 1.25 | 1.87 | 3.25 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1.75 | 3.75 | 3.25 | 1 | 3.12 | 1.65 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1.65 | 3.75 | 3.25 |
g3 | 3 | 1.75 | 1 | 3.75 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 1.25 | 3.75 | 2 | 3.25 | 1.37 | 3.87 | 1.75 | 3 | 1.12 | 3.87 |
g4 | 1.65 | 3.87 | 1 | 3.12 | 1.65 | 3.87 | 1.25 | 3 | 1.75 | 3.87 | 1.25 | 3 | 1.5 | 3.87 | 1 | 3.12 |
H. Program Evaluation | ||||||||||||||||
h1 | 3.12 | 1.75 | 1 | 3.87 | 3.87 | 3.12 | 1 | 1.75 | 3.87 | 1.65 | 1 | 3.12 | 3 | 1.65 | 1.25 | 3.87 |
h2 | 4 | 1.5 | 1 | 3 | 3.87 | 1.5 | 1 | 3.12 | 3.75 | 1 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 3.25 | 1.65 | 1 |
I. Program Closure | ||||||||||||||||
i1 | 1.65 | 3.87 | 3.12 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.65 | 1.25 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.12 | 1.75 |
i2 | 1.75 | 3.75 | 3.25 | 1.12 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.5 | 1.35 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.12 | 1.75 |
i3 | 1.65 | 3.85 | 3.12 | 1.25 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.75 | 1.12 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.5 | 1.37 | 3.12 | 3.87 | 1.25 | 1.65 |
i4 | 1.75 | 3.87 | 3.12 | 1.12 | 1.5 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.35 | 1.65 | 3.12 | 3.85 | 1.25 | 1.65 | 3.25 | 3.75 | 1.25 |
Process | Activities | Stakeholders | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CLN | PgMr | CTR | User | ||
A. Closeout Meeting | a1 Closeout Meeting | A(2.55) | R(3.77) | C(1.84) | I(1.56) |
a2 User Requirement | A(2.74) | I(1.59) | I(1.35) | R(3.6) | |
a3 Interface of stakeholders | A(2.65) | R(3.82) | I(1.64) | C(1.79) | |
a4 Closeout Checklist | A(3.1) | R(3.9) | I(1.59) | I(1.42) | |
B. Substantial Completion | b1 Complete Contract Document | I(1.65) | A(3.18) | R(3.72) | I(1.43) |
b2 Contract’s Punch list Inspection | C(2.03) | R(3.74) | A(2.9) | I(1.28) | |
C. Commissioning | c1 Commissioning and Startup | I(1.65) | A(3.34) | R(3.7) | I(1.46) |
c2 Energization (Elect. Testing) | C(1.83) | A(3.21) | R(3.79) | I(1.26) | |
c3 TAB, PVT, CCTV, LAN | I(1.72) | A(3.25) | R(3.75) | I(1.19) | |
D. Final Inspection | d1 Pre and Final Inspection | A(2.6) | C(1.95) | R(3.8) | I(1.7) |
d2 Punch list Completion | I(1.61) | A(3.22) | R(3.85) | I(1.36) | |
E. Maintenance Management | e1 O&M(Plan and Manual) | I(1.64) | A(3.25) | R(3.79) | I(1.36) |
e2 Training | C(1.81) | I(1.37) | R(3.72) | A(3.03) | |
e3 Warranty Management | A(3.2) | I(1.28) | R(3.85) | I(1.71) | |
F. Handover | f1 Handover (Plan) | I(1.57) | A(3.14) | R(3.77) | I(1.21) |
f2 As-built Drawings | I(1.5) | A(3.17) | R(3.78) | I(1.46) | |
f3 Key and Spare Parts | I(1.36) | A(3.29) | R(3.8) | I(1.47) | |
f4 Test, Inspection Report | I(1.4) | A(3.16) | R(3.83) | I(1.54) | |
f5 Permit Submission | I(1.27) | A(3.16) | R(3.81) | I(1.49) | |
f6 Real Property | I(1.67) | C(2.15) | R(3.84) | C(2.07) | |
G. Activation | g1 FF&E (Furniture Installation) | I(1.7) | I(1.12) | R(3.75) | A(3.15) |
g2 Trial Operation | I(1.15) | C(1.99) | A(3.24) | R(3.56) | |
g3 Transition and Relocation | C(2.2) | A(2.67) | I(1.15) | R(3.8) | |
g4 Coordination and Control | I(1.63) | R(3.87) | I(1.1) | A(3.07) | |
H. Program Evaluation | h1 Satisfaction Assessment | R(3.39) | C(2.04) | I(1.06) | A(3.24) |
h2 Program Evaluation | R(3.86) | C(1.87) | I(1.27) | A(2.56) | |
I. Program Closure | i1 Contractual Closure | C(2.41) | R(3.74) | C(2.36) | I(1.38) |
i2 Personnel Reassignment | C(2.45) | R(3.7) | C(2.37) | I(1.36) | |
i3 Lessons Learned/Transition | A(2.64) | R(3.84) | C(2.05) | I(1.34) | |
i4 Finalization of Claim | I(1.65) | A(3.44) | R(3.55) | I(1.23) | |
SUM | 62.63 | 87.21 | 88.01 | 58.08 | |
Relative ratio | 21.2% | 29.5% | 29.7% | 19.6% |
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Lee, W.-y.; Lee, S.-h.; Jin, C.; Hyun, C.-t. Development of the RACI Model for Processes of the Closure Phase in Construction Programs. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041806
Lee W-y, Lee S-h, Jin C, Hyun C-t. Development of the RACI Model for Processes of the Closure Phase in Construction Programs. Sustainability. 2021; 13(4):1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041806
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Woo-yeon, Seung-hoon Lee, Chengquan Jin, and Chang-taek Hyun. 2021. "Development of the RACI Model for Processes of the Closure Phase in Construction Programs" Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041806
APA StyleLee, W.-y., Lee, S.-h., Jin, C., & Hyun, C.-t. (2021). Development of the RACI Model for Processes of the Closure Phase in Construction Programs. Sustainability, 13(4), 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041806