Ammonia Emission Factors and Uncertainties of Coke Oven Gases in Iron and Steel Industries
1
Climate Change and Environment Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
2
Department of Cooperate Course for Climate Change, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
3
Department of Climate and Environment, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2020, 12(9), 3518; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093518
Received: 2 April 2020 / Revised: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 23 April 2020 / Published: 25 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
In this study, uncertainties related to NH3 concentration, emission factor, and emission factor estimation in the exhaust gas of the steel sintering furnace using COG (coke oven gas) among the by-product gas generated in steel production was estimated to identify the missing source. By measuring the NH3 concentration in the exhaust gas of steel sintering furnace using COG, a concentration between 0.02 and 0.12 ppm was found, with an average concentration of 0.06 ppm, confirming the emissions of NH3. Using this measurement of the NH3 concentration, an NH3 emission factor of 0.0061 kg NH3/ton was derived. The uncertainty of the developed NH3 emission factor of the sintering furnace using COG was analyzed using a Monte Carlo simulation. Consequently, the uncertainty range of NH3 emission factor of the sintering furnace using COG was derived to be −11.4% to +12.89% at the 95% confidence level. According to the results of this study, NH3 emissions occur from the use of COG, yielding values higher than the NH3 emission factor resulting from the use of LNG(liquefied natural gas) in combustion facilities. It should be recognized that it is a missing emission source and the corresponding emission should be calculated.
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Keywords:
PM 2.5 Secondary sources; Sintering furnace combustion; Coke Oven Gas; Uncertainty analysis; Ammonia emission factor
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kang, S.; Hong, Y.-J.; Kim, S.-D.; Jeon, E.-C. Ammonia Emission Factors and Uncertainties of Coke Oven Gases in Iron and Steel Industries. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3518. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093518
AMA Style
Kang S, Hong Y-J, Kim S-D, Jeon E-C. Ammonia Emission Factors and Uncertainties of Coke Oven Gases in Iron and Steel Industries. Sustainability. 2020; 12(9):3518. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093518
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Seongmin, Yoon-Jung Hong, Seong-Dong Kim, and Eui-Chan Jeon. 2020. "Ammonia Emission Factors and Uncertainties of Coke Oven Gases in Iron and Steel Industries" Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3518. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093518
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