Pass-by Characterization of Noise Emitted by Different Categories of Seagoing Ships in Ports
1
Physics Department, University of Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
2
iPOOL S.r.l., via Cocchi 7, 56121 Pisa, Italy
3
Environmental Protection Agency of Tuscany Region, via Vittorio Veneto 27, 56127 Pisa, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2020, 12(5), 1740; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051740
Received: 27 January 2020
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Revised: 13 February 2020
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Accepted: 18 February 2020
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Published: 26 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Maritime Transportation Management and Policies)
In the light of sustainability, satisfactory living conditions is an important factor for people’s positive feedback in their own living environment. Acoustic comfort and noise exposure should then be carefully monitored in all human settlements. Furthermore, it is already well-known that high or prolonged noise levels may lead to unwanted health effects. Unfortunately, while in the last decades scientists and public authorities have investigated the noise produced by roads, trains, and airports, not enough efforts have been spent in studying what happens around the coastal and port areas. Following the attention brought to the subject by recent European projects on noise in port areas, the present paper characterizes the sound power level and 1/3 octave band sound power spectrum of seagoing ships while moving at low speeds. Five different categories have been distinguished: Roll-on/roll-off (RORO), container ship, oil tanker, chemical tanker, and ferry. The analysis is based on a continuous noise measurement lasting more than three months, performed in the industrial canal of the port of Livorno (Italy). The resulting noise emissions are new and useful data that could be inserted in acoustic propagation models to properly assess the noise in the areas affected by port activities. Thus, the present work can act as a supporting tool in planning ship traffic in ports towards better sustainability.
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Keywords:
port noise; harbor noise; noise emission; vessels noise; ship noise; sustainable management; noise pass-by; noise spectra; noise measurements; noise characterization
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fredianelli, L.; Nastasi, M.; Bernardini, M.; Fidecaro, F.; Licitra, G. Pass-by Characterization of Noise Emitted by Different Categories of Seagoing Ships in Ports. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1740. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051740
AMA Style
Fredianelli L, Nastasi M, Bernardini M, Fidecaro F, Licitra G. Pass-by Characterization of Noise Emitted by Different Categories of Seagoing Ships in Ports. Sustainability. 2020; 12(5):1740. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051740
Chicago/Turabian StyleFredianelli, Luca, Marco Nastasi, Marco Bernardini, Francesco Fidecaro, and Gaetano Licitra. 2020. "Pass-by Characterization of Noise Emitted by Different Categories of Seagoing Ships in Ports" Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1740. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051740
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