Using Group Model Building to Foster Learning for Strategic Sustainable Development
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Research Approach
2.1. Developing a Theoretical Reference Model for Learning and Achieving Competencies for Strategic Sustainable Development
2.2. Participatory Group Model Building for Strategic Sustainable Development
2.3. Proposed Reference Model
- (i)
- which steps in the ABCD process were conducted,
- (ii)
- which competencies could be indicated through observations and participant feedback, and
- (iii)
- the result of the GMB application and hence type of learning.
3. Cases of Group Model Building in Strategic Sustainable Development Research and Education
3.1. Case 1. Group Model Building Workshop Method for Sustainable Product Design and Development
Analysis of Case 1
3.2. Case 2. Introductory Procedure for Sustainability-Driven Design Optimization
Analysis of Case 2
3.3. Case 3. Transport Strategy and Planning Using System Dynamics and Backcasting from Sustainability Principles
Analysis of Case 3
3.4. Case 4. Group Model Building Applications within Higher Education Courses in Strategic Sustainable Development at Blekinge Institute of Technology
Analysis of Case 4
4. Discussion
4.1. Potential to Foster Key Sustainability Competency Development
4.2. Potential of Fostering Learning for Sustainability
4.3. Limitations and Opportunities for Further Research
5. Conclusions and Outlook
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sustainability Competency | Examples of Related Concepts | Teaching Methods or Methodologies |
---|---|---|
Systems thinking | Variables, indicators, sub-systems, adaption feedback loops, causality, decisions, structures, multiple domains-social, ecological, technological, economic, values, needs | Qualitative and quantitative modelling, systems analysis, participatory modeling |
Anticipatory | Time, dynamics, non-linearity, uncertainty, probability, possibility, risk, dependency, desirability | Scenario methods, forecasting, backcasting, participatory modelling |
Normative | Sustainability principles, goals, targets, thresholds, responsibility, justice, safety, damage, harm, reinforcement, trade-offs. | Comparative multicriteria assessments, risk analysis, sustainability assessments, participatory methods |
Strategic | Intentionality, transformation, transitions, governance, strategies, success, viability, feasibility, efficiency, effectiveness, obstacles, dependency, synergies | Decision-support methods, organizational change management, learning methods |
Interpersonal | Collaboration, group dynamics, leadership, empathy, motivation | Teamwork methods, participatory methods |
Case | Contribution to Sustainability Competencies | Type of Learning Loop | Type of Learning | ‘ABCD Steps’ | GMB-Steps |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Systems thinking, Anticipatory, Normative, Interpersonal | Single | Collaborative, accommodative | AB | 1–3 |
2 | Systems thinking, Anticipatory, Normative, Strategic, Interpersonal | Double | Collaborative, accommodative | ABCD | 1–5 |
3 | Systems thinking, Anticipatory, Normative, Strategic, Interpersonal | Double | Collaborative, transformative | ABCD | 1–5 |
4 | Systems thinking, Anticipatory, Normative, Strategic | Single | Collaborative, accommodative | AB | 1–3 |
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Watz, M. Using Group Model Building to Foster Learning for Strategic Sustainable Development. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8350. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208350
Watz M. Using Group Model Building to Foster Learning for Strategic Sustainable Development. Sustainability. 2020; 12(20):8350. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208350
Chicago/Turabian StyleWatz, Matilda. 2020. "Using Group Model Building to Foster Learning for Strategic Sustainable Development" Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8350. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208350
APA StyleWatz, M. (2020). Using Group Model Building to Foster Learning for Strategic Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 12(20), 8350. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208350