Community-Based Tourism in Ecuador: Community Ventures of the Provincial and Cantonal Networks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Community-Based Tourism
“Community-based tourism development would seek to strengthen institutions designed to enhance local participation and promote the economic, social and cultural well-being of the popular majority. It would also seek to strike a balanced and harmonious approach to development that would stress considerations such as the compatibility of various forms of development with other components of the local economy; the quality of development, both culturally and environmentally; and the divergent needs, interests and potentials of the community and its inhabitants.”
2.2. Community Tourism in Ecuador
2.3. Plurinational Federation of Community Tourism of Ecuador (FEPTCE)
2.3.1. Community Ventures That Make up the National Assembly of the FEPTCE
2.3.2. Community Ventures That Make up the National Assembly of the FEPTCE
3. Provincial/Cantonal Networks of the FEPTCE
3.1. Muisne Community Tourism
3.2. Runa Tupari
3.3. CORDTUCH
3.4. Pakariñan
3.5. Sumak Pacha
3.6. Saraguro Rikuy
3.7. RICANCIE
3.8. CORTUS
3.9. Network of Community Tourist Centers of the Arajuno Canton (RCTC-CA)
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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- Diario El Comercio. 3 Cantons of Cañar Unite by Works/3 Cantones de Cañar se Unen por Obras. 2010. Available online: https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/ecuador/cantones-canar-unen-obras.html (accessed on 7 April 2020).
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Regional Network | Provincial or Cantonal Network | Province | Name Entrepreneurship | Touristic Offer | Status | CTC Registration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coastal Community Tourism Network “Spondylus”/Red de Turismo Comunitario del Litoral “Spondylus” | SA | Esmeraldas | San Miguel | FAG | Active | Yes |
Muisne Community Tourism/Turismo Comunitario Muisne | Esmeraldas | Asociación de Turismo Bellavista | FAG | Active | ||
Asociación de Mujeres Usuarias del Manglar “La Florida” | FAG | Active | ||||
Guerreras de Galera | FAG | Active | ||||
Asociación Caimito Sustentable | FAG | Active | ||||
Asociación de Mujeres “Estero de Plátano” | FAG | Active | ||||
Asociación de Mujeres del Recinto Bunche | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Grupo Comunitario Mompiche | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Organización Las Manchas | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Organización Bilsa el Uñate | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Centro Martín Pescador | F | Active | ||||
SA | Manabi | Agua Blanca | FAG | Active | ||
El sombrerito | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Las Tunas | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Salango | FAGT | Active | ||||
Isla Corazón | FG | Active | ||||
SA | Santa Elena | Comuna San Pedro | F | Active | Yes | |
Valdivia | F | Active | Yes | |||
Dos Mangas | FG | Active | Yes | |||
Sacachun | F | Active | Yes | |||
Manglar Alto | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Olon | F | Active | ||||
Sierra Norte Community Tourism Network “Wiñay Pacha”/Red de Turismo Comunitario Sierra Norte “Wiñay Pacha” | SA | Imbabura | San Clemente | FAG | Active | |
Manduriacos | FAG | Active | ||||
Runa Tupari | Imbabura | Junín | N/A | Inactive | ||
Comunidad Morochos | A | Active | ||||
Comunidad Chilcapamba | A | Active | ||||
Comunidad La Calera | A | Active | ||||
Comunidad Tunibamba | A | Active | ||||
Comunidad Santa Barbara | A | Active | ||||
Comunidad Nangulvi | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Carabuela | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad El Rosal | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Sacha pamba | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Cuellaje | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Magdalena Alto | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Turuco | TA | Active | ||||
comunidad Urcusiqui | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad La Victoria | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Chontal | TA | Active | ||||
Comunidad Mascarilla | TA | Active | ||||
SA | Pichincha | Yunguilla | FAG | Active | Yes | |
Sierra Centro “Kawsaymanta” Community Tourism Network/Red de Turismo Comunitario Sierra Centro “Kawsaymanta” | SA | Cotopaxi | Pastocalle | N/A | Inactive | |
Org. Comunitaria de Desarrollo Turístico Lago Verde Quilotoa | FAG | Active | Yes | |||
Pondoa | FA | Active | Yes | |||
SA | Bolívar | Salinas | FAG | Active | ||
SA | Tungurahua | Pondoa | FAG | Active | Yes | |
CORDTUCH | Chimborazo | Casa Cóndor | FAG | Active | ||
Razu Ñan | FAG | Active | ||||
Calshi | FAG | Active | ||||
Chuquipogio | FAG | Active | ||||
Centro de Desarrollo Indígena (CEDEIN) | FG | Active | ||||
Centro de Desarrollo Integral de Balda Lupaxi (CEDIBAL) | FG | Active | ||||
Quilla Pacari | FAG | Active | Yes | |||
Centro agroartesanal Nizag | FG | Active | ||||
Unión de campesinos indígenas San Juan (UCASAJ) | FAG | Active | ||||
Sangay Lodge—Guarguallá | FAG | Active | ||||
Sumak Kawsay—Palacio Real | FAG | Active | Yes | |||
Sierra Sur “Pakariñan” Community Tourism Network/Red de Turismo Comunitario Sierra Sur “Pakariñan” | Pakariñan | Cañar | Sisid e Ingapirca | FAG | Active | |
Sumak Pacha | Kullayacta | FAG | Active | |||
Ventura | FA | Active | ||||
Charón Ventanas | FA | Active | ||||
Shayacrumi/La Carbonería | FA | Active | ||||
Chuchucán | FAG | Active | ||||
Zhuya | FG | Active | ||||
Pakariñan | Azuay | Kushiwaira | FAG | Active | ||
SA | Principal | N/A | Inactive | |||
Saraguro Rikuy | Loja | Ilincho—Inty Wasi | FA | Active | ||
Ñamarin | FA | Active | ||||
Gera–Taski Wasi | F | Active | ||||
Las Lagunas–Inka Wasi | FA | Active | ||||
Oñakapak–Virgen de Agua Santa | F | Active | ||||
Sabadel | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Chamical—La papaya | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Community Tourism Network Amazon/Red de Turismo Comunitario Amazonía | SA | Napo | Oyacachi | FAG | Active | Yes |
SA | Pacto Sumaco | FAG | Active | Yes | ||
RICANCIE | Salazar Aitaka | N/A | Inactive | |||
Capirona | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Waysa Yaku de Alukus | FAG | Active | ||||
Takik Sacha | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Chuva Urku | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Limoncocha | FA | Active | ||||
Machakuyaku | FAG | Active | ||||
Galeras | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Runa Wasi | FAG | Active | ||||
Río Blanco | FAG | Active | ||||
Wasila Talag | FAG | Active | ||||
Sinchipura | FA | Active | Yes | |||
SA | Shiripuno | FA | Active | Yes | ||
SA | Sinchi warmi | FAG | Active | Yes | ||
SA | Pastaza | Valle Hermoso | N/A | Inactive | ||
SA | Pavacachi | N/A | Inactive | |||
Network of Community Tourist Centers of the Arajuno canton/Red de Centros Turísticos Comunitarios del cantón Arajuno | Akamkaw de San Virgilio | FA | Active | |||
Shuar Ikiam | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Chunda Pakcha | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Awsak Rumi | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Ceploa | FA | Active | ||||
Shiwa Kucha | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Shikulin | N/A | Inactive | ||||
San Vicente | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Elena Andi de Oglan | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Pituk Yacu | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Suyu Pakcha | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Santa Cecilia de Villano | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Pantiin Shiram | N/A | Inactive | ||||
SA | Orellana | Comuna Kichwa Sani Isla | F | Active | ||
Ishpingo Pakcha | FAG | Active | ||||
Sacha Ñampi | FAG | Active | Yes | |||
Tambo Caspi Lodge | FAG | Active | ||||
Yaku Warmi | N/A | Inactive | ||||
SA | Zamora Chinchipe | Tutupali | N/A | Inactive | ||
Pakariñan | Shaime | N/A | Inactive | |||
SA | Comunidad Intercultural San Vicente de Caney | F | Active | |||
CORTUS | Sucumbíos | Aguas negras | N/A | Inactive | ||
Atari | N/A | Inactive | ||||
El Cedro | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Limoncocha | N/A | Inactive | ||||
San Pablo de Katetsiayá | N/A | Inactive | ||||
Siekoya Remolino | FA | Active | ||||
Shayari | FA | Active | Yes | |||
SA | Sacha Warmi | FG | Active |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Esmeraldas | Asociación de Turismo Bellavista | A different and innovative concept of tourism. Small rural communities share their homes with tourists and allow them to learn about their customs, daily life and ancestral knowledge. |
Asociación de Mujeres Usuarias del Manglar “La Florida” | ||
Guerreras de Galera | ||
Asociación Caimito Sustentable | ||
Asociación de Mujeres “Estero de Plátano” | ||
Centro Martín Pescador |
LP | Activities | Bellavista | La Florida | Galera | Caimito Sustentable | Estero de Plátano | Martín Pescador |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EC | Visit to the Mangrove forest | x | x | ||||
Artisanal canoe ride | x | ||||||
Visit to community beaches | x | x | x | ||||
Boat tours | x | x | |||||
Observation of native and endemic bird species | x | ||||||
Observation of native and endemic flora species | x | ||||||
Visit the Faro de Galera | x | ||||||
Enjoy cliffs and seascapes | x | x | |||||
Humpback Whale Watching | x | x | x | ||||
Forest walks | x | x | |||||
CCT | Preparation and tasting of traditional foods and drinks | x | x | x | x | x | x |
Collection of shells and other mollusks in the mangrove swamp. | x | ||||||
Artisanal fishing practice | x | ||||||
Octopus catch on rocky beaches | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach | |
---|---|---|---|
Imbabura | San Rafael Community | El Rosal Community | Cultural exchange based on the active participation of community members who explain their work, demonstrate their arts and share their culture. |
Chilcapamba Community | Sacha Pamba Community | ||
La Calera Community | Cuellaje Community | ||
Tunibamba Community | Magdalena Alto Community | ||
Santa Barbara Community | Turuco Community | ||
Nangulvi Community | Urcusiqui Community | ||
Carabuela Community | La Victoria Community | ||
Mascarilla Community | Chontal Community |
LP | Activities | Runa Tupari | Nangulvi | San Rafael | Morochos | Chilcapamba | La Calera | Tunibamba | Santa Báabara | Carabuela | El Rosal | Sachapamba | Cuellaje | Magdalena Alto | Turuco | Urcusiqui | La Victoria | Chontal | Mascarilla |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CCT | Visit to the nearby cities (Cotacachi, Otavalo, etc.) | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||
Visit to the craft market "Plaza de Ponchos" | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to ceramic workshops | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit of mask workshops | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Participation in gardening work | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
Enjoy play with the kids | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
Walks or walks around the community | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||
Soccer practices against adolescents | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
Participation in cooking workshops together | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
Preparation of family holidays | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
Coexistence with host families | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||
Visit to the musical instruments workshop | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit of artisan fabrics workshop | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the jewelry workshop with natural materials | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the workshop of crafts made of cattails | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to traditional markets | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the production of handicrafts of Cabuya | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Manufacture of products based on Aloe Vera | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Chota Valley | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Learning of Afro–Ecuadorian culture | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Tour on the Freedom Train | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Salt Museum | x | ||||||||||||||||||
HT | Explanation and demonstration of midwives | x | |||||||||||||||||
Visit to an indigenous shaman | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Ethnobotanical Garden | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Explanation about medicinal plants | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Chachimbiro thermal tourist complex | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Nangulvi Thermal Resort | x | ||||||||||||||||||
AGT | Visit to the Intag Valley | x | |||||||||||||||||
Learning of coffee cultivation in Apuela | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit of the Alpacas trail | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Alpacas maintenance demonstration | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Horseback riding in the community | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Peguche waterfall | x | x | |||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Cuicocha Lagoon | x | x | |||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Mojanda Lagoons | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Hike with pack mules | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||||
Sport fishing | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to Los Cedros private reserve | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Observation of endemic and native flora and fauna | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit of the Yahuarcocha lagoon | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Cotacachi–Cayapas Reserve | x | x | |||||||||||||||||
Visit to El Ángel Ecological Reserve | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to El Voladero lagoon | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Sight to microenterprises of crafts, agriculture | x | x | |||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Peguche waterfall | x | ||||||||||||||||||
AD | Walks in páramo, high mountains, cloud forest, etc. | x | x | x | |||||||||||||||
High mountain camping | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Ascent to the Casha Pampa summit, Fuya mountain, Yana-urco hill, among others | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Wild camping | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Visit to the Piñan Lagoon | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Mountain biking | x | ||||||||||||||||||
Road bike tours | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||||||||||
Adventure sports (canopy, rafting, canyoning, etc.) | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Chimborazo | Casa Condor | Nature exploration |
Razu Ñan | ||
Sangay Lodge—Guarguallá | ||
Chuquipogio | ||
CEDEIN | Collective and ancestral knowledge | |
UCASAJ | Contact or coexistence with living cultures | |
CEDIBAL | ||
Quilla Pacari | Visit to sacred places and participation in community practices | |
Sumak Kausay | ||
Nizag | Visit to monuments and archaeological remains |
LP | Activities | Casa Condor | Razu Ñan | Calshi | Chuquipogio | CEDEIN | CEDIBAL | Quilla Pacari | Sumak Kausay | Nizag | SL—Guarguallá | UCASAJ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AT | Mountain and mountain climbing | x | x | |||||||||
Mountain and mountain ascents | x | x | x | x | ||||||||
Preparation for mountaineering | x | |||||||||||
Rock climbing | x | |||||||||||
EC | Walks in the community, forest or mountain | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |
Bike rides | x | |||||||||||
Horseback riding | x | x | ||||||||||
Activities in rivers | x | |||||||||||
Landscape photography | x | |||||||||||
Visit of hills, lagoons, Polylepis forest, waterfalls, caves, natural viewpoints, among other spaces. | x | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||
Observation of native and endemic flora | x | |||||||||||
Observation of native and endemic birds | x | |||||||||||
CT | Visit of monuments and archaeological remains | x | ||||||||||
Visit to traditional fairs | x | x | ||||||||||
Visit to ancestral cultural sites | x | |||||||||||
Visit to local museums | x | x | ||||||||||
Tasting of local gastronomy | x | |||||||||||
Visit to the spinning mill | x | |||||||||||
Sale of handicrafts | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||||
AGR | Alpaca fiber shearing and treatment activities | x | ||||||||||
Purchase of local products | x | |||||||||||
Share the practice of productive agricultural activities | x | x | ||||||||||
Share the practice of productive crafts activities | x | x | ||||||||||
HT | Use and treatment of medicinal plants | x | ||||||||||
ET | Playful moments of coexistence | x | x | x | x | x | ||||||
Participation in traditional festivals | x | |||||||||||
Community coexistence | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||
VT | Language learning | x | x | x | ||||||||
Development of social projects and local production | x | x | x | |||||||||
Community tourism strengthening | x | x | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Loja | Ñamarin | An ancient people |
Azuay | Kushiwaira | Tradition, culture and work |
Cañar | Sisid e Ingapirca | The magic of the village Cañari |
LP | Activities | Ñamarin | Sidsid e Ingapirca | Kushiwaira |
---|---|---|---|---|
EC | Guided walks | x | x | |
Excursions to the Inca Bath and the Mirador | x | |||
Visit to the Podocarpus National Park | ||||
Observation of shells and petrified snails | ||||
Observation of native and endemic flora and fauna species | x | |||
Hike to the viewpoints Cañaribamba and Ingañán | x | |||
Visit to the Achapana Urcu natural viewpoint | x | |||
Visit to the Culebrillas Lagoon | x | |||
Forest walks | x | |||
ET | Manufacture of traditional food and drinks | x | ||
Sheep wool spinning practice | x | x | ||
Native music and dance | x | x | ||
Traditional food, such as Pinzhi, tortillas with colada | x | |||
Craft workshops: in mullo, sheep wool and carpentry | x | |||
AT | Expedition down the Nangaritza River | |||
Visit of the Miazi Canyons | ||||
Visit to the Labyrinth of a Thousand Illusions | ||||
AG | Visit to family gardens and livestock areas | x | x | |
ET | Participation in the Pampas | x | x | |
Walk through the Jambiñán | x | |||
Ritual of energizing | x | |||
Visit to the ethnographic museum | x | |||
Use and treatment of medicinal plants | x | |||
Practice of rites dedicated to the gods of the Cañari people | x | |||
We will observe historical sites | x | |||
Craft sales | x | x | x | |
Flowering ceremonies and rituals | x | |||
Kichwa teaching | x | |||
Visit to the Ingapirca Archaeological Complex. | x | |||
Visit of the Inca Trail | x | x | ||
Visit to Labrsacarumi | x | |||
Visit to the second oldest church in Ecuador | x | |||
Practice of ancestral traditions and customs | x | x | x |
LP | Activities | Chuchucán | Kuyallacta | Shayacrumi/La Carbonería | Ventura | Charón Ventanas | Zhuya |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AT | Guided walks | x | x | x | x | x | |
Hiking different levels of difficulty | x | ||||||
Road cycling | x | ||||||
Horseback riding | x | x | |||||
Subtropical forest visits | x | ||||||
Camping | x | ||||||
Visit to natural viewpoint | x | x | |||||
Visit to Quinuales forest | x | ||||||
Visit to the Culebrillas Lagoon | x | ||||||
Visit to Tayta Charón | x | ||||||
Visit through primary forest | x | x | x | x | |||
Stone Walls Trail | x | ||||||
Sport fishing | x | ||||||
ET | Participation in the Pampamesa | x | |||||
Kichwa teaching | x | ||||||
Coexistence with the community | x | ||||||
Use and treatment of medicinal plants | x | ||||||
Visit to potato, barley and strawberry growing areas | x | ||||||
Wheat seed cleaning | x | ||||||
Cañari architecture appreciation | x | ||||||
CT | Native music and dance | x | |||||
Visit the Archaeological Museum of the Tambo City | x | ||||||
Walks along the old train tracks | x | x | |||||
Tasting of traditional gastronomy | x | x | |||||
Visit to the eco-tourist interpretation center | x | ||||||
Visit to the Zhuya Community Tourism Center | x | x | |||||
Visit to an old hacienda house | x | ||||||
AR | Visit to the Ingapirca Archaeological Complex | x | x | ||||
Visit to the Coyoctor Archaeological Complex | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Loja | Ilincho-Inty Wasi | Conserve the traditional indigenous culture |
Ñamarin | Conserve sacred sites | |
Gera–Taski Wasi | Folklore, culture and nature | |
Las Lagunas–Inka Wasi | Folklore, culture and nature | |
Oñakapak–Virgin of Holy Water | Conserve the traditional indigenous culture |
LP | Activities | IInty Wasi | Ñamarin | Taski Wasi | Inka Wasi | Oñakapak |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EC | Guided walks | x | ||||
Excursions to the Inca Bath and the Mirador | x | |||||
Excursions to the viewpoints and Pukara peak | x | |||||
Hikes to the Puglla hill | x | |||||
Observation of endemic flora and fauna | x | x | x | |||
Hiking routes through the Washapamba Community Protected Forest | x | x | x | |||
Visit of waterfall of the Virgen del Agua Santa | x | |||||
Visit of the Ismuchincha river | x | |||||
Visit of the Cochapamba Lagoon | x | |||||
Sport fishing | x | |||||
CT | Visit the museum | x | ||||
Visit to Andean festivals | x | |||||
Visit to the archaeological remains of the “Quinarki” | x | |||||
Sale of handicrafts | x | |||||
Walks through the archaeological sites and the Inca terraces | x | |||||
CT | Native music and dance | x | x | x | x | |
Traditional food, such as Pinzhi, tortillas with colada | x | x | x | x | ||
Craft workshops: in mullo, sheep wool and carpentry | x | x | x | |||
Extraction and tasting of the traditional Wajango drink | x | |||||
AG | Organic farming practices (orchards) | x | ||||
ET | Flowering ceremonies and rituals | x | x | x | x | |
Accommodation with families | x | x | ||||
Use of medicinal plants | x | |||||
Kichwa teaching | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Napo | Pacto Sumaco | Adventure, birdwatching, nature and gastronomy |
Waysa Yaku de Alukus | Mountain, canyoning and spirituality | |
Limoncocha | Nature, alligators and rest | |
Machakuyaku | Cultural coexistence and spirituality | |
Runa Wasi | Rest and relaxation | |
Río Blanco | Coexistence, health and shamanism | |
Wasila Talag | Rest and coexistence | |
Sinchipura | Adventure, conviviality and rafting |
LP | Activities | Pacto Sumaco | Waysa Yaku de Alukus | Limoncocha | Machakuyaku | Runa Wasi | Río Blanco | Wasila Talag | Sinchipura |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AT | Mountain and mountain ascents | x | x | x | |||||
Canyoning | x | ||||||||
Sailing in traditional canoes | x | x | |||||||
Rafting | x | ||||||||
Canoeing | x | ||||||||
River buoy descents | x | x | |||||||
Jumps to the river by means of lianas | x | ||||||||
Cave visit | x | x | |||||||
Jungle Survival Introduction | x | ||||||||
Waterfalls visit | x | x | x | x | x | ||||
EC | Walks in primary and secondary forest | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |
Visit of natural viewpoints | x | x | |||||||
Visits to animal rescue centers | x | ||||||||
Visits to protected areas | x | x | |||||||
Visit to lagoons | x | x | |||||||
Observation of native and endemic flora | x | x | |||||||
Observation of native and endemic fauna | x | x | x | ||||||
Observation of native and endemic birds | x | x | x | ||||||
CT | Visits to sacred sites | x | x | ||||||
Visit of community museums | x | x | x | ||||||
Visit to petroglyphs | x | ||||||||
HT | Visit and use of thermal water pools | x | |||||||
Visit and use of natural water pools | x | x | x | ||||||
Use and treatment of medicinal plants | x | ||||||||
Cleansing rites | x | ||||||||
AG | Organic farming practices (farms) | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |
CT | Crafting | x | x | x | x | ||||
Elaboration of traditional gastronomy | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||
Artistic activities (dance/traditional music) | x | x | x | x | |||||
Artisanal gold panning practices | x | x | |||||||
ET | Experiences with Yachaks | x | |||||||
Playful moments of coexistence | x | x | |||||||
Participation in shamanic ceremonies | x | x | x | x | |||||
Language learning | x | x | x | ||||||
Visit of houses of local families | x | ||||||||
Participation in community family life | x | x | x | x | x | x | |||
Vt | Help families with daily activities | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
Execution of local and social production projects | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | |
Community tourism strengthening | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Sucumbios | Siekoya Remolino | Conservation and exchange of the living culture of the Siekopaii nationality. |
Shayari | The Amazon corner that preserves the ecological and cultural diversity of the Amazon Kichwa people. |
PL | Activities | Siekoya Remolino | Shayari |
---|---|---|---|
ET | Hiking in tropical forest | x | |
Hiking in tropical rainforest | x | ||
Visit to botanical garden | x | ||
Observation of native and endemic flora | x | ||
Observation of native and endemic fauna | x | ||
Observation of native and endemic birds | x | ||
Visit to married Ayahuasca | x | ||
Visit to Animal Rescue Centers | x | ||
Visit to Zoo—hatcheries | x | ||
Canoeing | x | ||
CT | Visit to the Cultural Interpretation Center | x | |
Exhibition and sale of handicrafts | x | x | |
HT | Use of natural pools | x | |
Learning of medicinal plants | x | ||
CT | Demonstration of the elaboration of gastronomy | x | x |
food with all the culinary wealth | x | x | |
Painting, sculpture and crafts workshops with materials from the area | x | x | |
ET | Cultural coexistence from community activities | x | x |
Location | Entrepreneurship | Marketing Approach |
---|---|---|
Pastaza | Akamkaw of Saint Virgil | ecotourism, ethnotourism and cultural tourism |
CEPLOA | Health tourism, ecotourism and adventure tourism |
PL | Activities | Akamkaw of Saint Virgil | Ceploa |
---|---|---|---|
EC | Jungle walks on ecological trails | x | |
Night walks | x | x | |
Observation of flora and fauna | x | x | |
Visit to the waterfalls | x | ||
Bath in the crystal clear waters of the Curaray River | x | ||
Bird watching | x | x | |
Visit to parrot saladero | x | ||
AT | Practice of survival techniques of the Kichwa people | x | |
ET | Welcome ceremony | x | |
Kichwa Cultural Exchange | x | x | |
Toma de la Guayusa | x | ||
Narrative of ancient stories and legends | x | ||
CT | Crafting | x | |
Music and dance performances | x | x | |
Craft Exhibition | x | ||
Gastronomy typical and a la carte dishes | x | ||
HT | Recognition of medicinal plants | x | |
Practice on uses of the flora of the sector. | x |
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Share and Cite
Maldonado-Erazo, C.P.; del Río-Rama, M.d.l.C.; Noboa-Viñan, P.; Álvarez-García, J. Community-Based Tourism in Ecuador: Community Ventures of the Provincial and Cantonal Networks. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6256. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12156256
Maldonado-Erazo CP, del Río-Rama MdlC, Noboa-Viñan P, Álvarez-García J. Community-Based Tourism in Ecuador: Community Ventures of the Provincial and Cantonal Networks. Sustainability. 2020; 12(15):6256. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12156256
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaldonado-Erazo, Claudia Patricia, María de la Cruz del Río-Rama, Patricio Noboa-Viñan, and José Álvarez-García. 2020. "Community-Based Tourism in Ecuador: Community Ventures of the Provincial and Cantonal Networks" Sustainability 12, no. 15: 6256. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12156256