Cultural Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Green Change along an Urban-Periurban Gradient
1
Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
2
Agrarecology, Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
3
Georg-Elias-Müller-Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
4
Hochschule Darmstadt—University of Applied Sciences, Fachbereich Gesellschaftswissenschaften, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2019, 11(3), 645; https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030645
Received: 29 December 2018 / Revised: 16 January 2019 / Accepted: 22 January 2019 / Published: 26 January 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of the Ecosystem Service Concept in Social–Ecological Systems—from Theory to Practice)
Urbanization by densification is globally increasing and endangers maintenance of urban green and associated social-ecological systems. Cultural ecosystem services play a crucial role in human well-being, especially in urban areas. We analyzed perceived importance of cultural ecosystem services provided by green space in Berlin along an urban-periurban gradient. Based on extensive pretests, we designed a standardized questionnaire and conducted 558 face-to-face interviews. B using multiple regressions and principal component analysis, we show that perceived importance of cultural ecosystem services and patterns of urban green use are affected by an urbanization gradient and associated changes in population density. Important cultural ecosystem services decreases in urban core areas with higher population density, whereas people in periurban areas with more available green spaces exhibit a greater valuation of nature. In contrast, social relations and cultural diversity had the highest importance in the urban core, while cultural heritage, education, natural awareness, recreation, and aesthetical appreciation were higher valued in the less populated periurban areas, suggesting two bundles of cultural ecosystem services.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
bundles; ecosystem service; nature perceptions; urban green spaces; urban sustainability; spatial planning
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
- Supplementary File 1:
PDF-Document (PDF, 309 KiB)
-
Externally hosted supplementary file 1
Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.03.017
Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204618300926
Description: Figure S1 Socio- demographic information of the survey sample -
Externally hosted supplementary file 2
Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.03.017
Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204618300926
Description: Table S1 Categories of cultural ecosystem services (CES) assessed by the corresponding questionnaire items. Translated from German.
MDPI and ACS Style
Riechers, M.; Strack, M.; Barkmann, J.; Tscharntke, T. Cultural Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Green Change along an Urban-Periurban Gradient. Sustainability 2019, 11, 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030645
AMA Style
Riechers M, Strack M, Barkmann J, Tscharntke T. Cultural Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Green Change along an Urban-Periurban Gradient. Sustainability. 2019; 11(3):645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030645
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiechers, Maraja, Micha Strack, Jan Barkmann, and Teja Tscharntke. 2019. "Cultural Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Green Change along an Urban-Periurban Gradient" Sustainability 11, no. 3: 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030645
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
