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Sustainability
Volume 10
Issue 8
10.3390/su10082665
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Article

Evaluation of Long-Term SOC and Crop Productivity within Conservation Systems Using GFDL CM2.1 and EPIC

by
Kieu N. Le
1,2,*,
Manoj K. Jha
3,
Jaehak Jeong
4,
Philip W. Gassman
5,
Manuel R. Reyes
6,
Luca Doro
4,
Dat Q. Tran
7 and
Lyda Hok
8
1
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
2
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
3
Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
4
Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Blackland Research and Extension Center, Temple, TX 76502, USA
5
Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1054, USA
6
Sustainable Intensification Innovation Lab, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
7
Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
8
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh 12401, Cambodia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2018, 10(8), 2665; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082665
Submission received: 27 June 2018 / Revised: 15 July 2018 / Accepted: 25 July 2018 / Published: 29 July 2018
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Abstract

Will soil organic carbon (SOC) and yields increase for conservation management systems in tropical zones in response to the next 100 years? To answer the question, the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model was used to study the effects of climate change, cropping systems, conservation agriculture (CA) and conservation tillage management practices on SOC and crop productivity in Kampong Cham, Cambodia. The EPIC model was successfully calibrated and validated for crop yields, biomass, SOC and nitrogen based on field data from a five-year field experiment. Historical weather (1994–2013) was used for baseline assessment versus mid-century (2046–2064) and late-century (2081–2100) climate projections generated by the Geophysical Fluids Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) CM2.1 global climate model. The simulated results showed that upland rice yield would increase the most under the B1 scenario in mid-century for all treatments, followed by soybean and maize. Cassava yield only increased under CA treatment when cultivated as a continuous primary crop. Carbon sequestration was more sensitive to cropping systems and crop rotation than climate change. The results indicated that the rotated CA primary crop (maize) systems should be prioritized for SOC sequestration as well as for increasing crop productivity. In addition, rice systems may increase SOC compared to soybean and cassava.
Keywords: upland rice; cassava; soybean; conservation agriculture; soil organic carbon upland rice; cassava; soybean; conservation agriculture; soil organic carbon

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MDPI and ACS Style

Le, K.N.; Jha, M.K.; Jeong, J.; Gassman, P.W.; Reyes, M.R.; Doro, L.; Tran, D.Q.; Hok, L. Evaluation of Long-Term SOC and Crop Productivity within Conservation Systems Using GFDL CM2.1 and EPIC. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2665. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082665

AMA Style

Le KN, Jha MK, Jeong J, Gassman PW, Reyes MR, Doro L, Tran DQ, Hok L. Evaluation of Long-Term SOC and Crop Productivity within Conservation Systems Using GFDL CM2.1 and EPIC. Sustainability. 2018; 10(8):2665. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082665

Chicago/Turabian Style

Le, Kieu N., Manoj K. Jha, Jaehak Jeong, Philip W. Gassman, Manuel R. Reyes, Luca Doro, Dat Q. Tran, and Lyda Hok. 2018. "Evaluation of Long-Term SOC and Crop Productivity within Conservation Systems Using GFDL CM2.1 and EPIC" Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2665. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082665

APA Style

Le, K. N., Jha, M. K., Jeong, J., Gassman, P. W., Reyes, M. R., Doro, L., Tran, D. Q., & Hok, L. (2018). Evaluation of Long-Term SOC and Crop Productivity within Conservation Systems Using GFDL CM2.1 and EPIC. Sustainability, 10(8), 2665. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082665

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