The Impact of Late Holocene Flood Management on the Central Po Plain (Northern Italy)
Earth Sciences Department “Ardito Desio”—Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
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Sustainability 2018, 10(11), 3968; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113968
Received: 22 September 2018 / Revised: 27 October 2018 / Accepted: 28 October 2018 / Published: 31 October 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Long-Term Perspective of Human Impact on Landscape for Environmental Change and Sustainability)
Fluvial environments have always played a crucial role in human history. The necessity of fertile land and fresh water for agriculture has led populations to settle in floodplains more frequently than in other environments. Floodplains are complex human–water systems in which the mutual interaction between anthropogenic activities and environment affected the landscape development. In this paper, we analyzed the evolution of the Central Po Plain (Italy) during the Medieval period through a multi-proxy record of geomorphological, archaeological and historical data. The collapse of the Western Roman Empire (5th century AD) coincided with a progressive waterlogging of large floodplain areas. The results obtained by this research shed new light on the consequences that Post-Roman land and water management activities had on landscape evolution. In particular, the exploitation of fluvial sediments through flood management practices had the effect of reclaiming the swamps, but also altered the natural geomorphological development of the area. Even so, the Medieval human activities were more in equilibrium with the natural system than with the later Renaissance large-scale land reclamation works that profoundly modified the landscape turning the wetland environment into the arable land visible today. The analysis of fluvial palaeoenvironments and their relation with past human activities can provide valuable indications for planning more sustainable urbanized alluvial landscapes in future.
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Keywords:
flood management; wetland; land use change; landscape transformation; resilience; late Holocene; medieval age
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MDPI and ACS Style
Brandolini, F.; Cremaschi, M. The Impact of Late Holocene Flood Management on the Central Po Plain (Northern Italy). Sustainability 2018, 10, 3968. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113968
AMA Style
Brandolini F, Cremaschi M. The Impact of Late Holocene Flood Management on the Central Po Plain (Northern Italy). Sustainability. 2018; 10(11):3968. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113968
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrandolini, Filippo; Cremaschi, Mauro. 2018. "The Impact of Late Holocene Flood Management on the Central Po Plain (Northern Italy)" Sustainability 10, no. 11: 3968. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10113968
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