Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Clinical Practice of Dental Hygienists and Dentists, Prevention and Awareness among Italian Professionals: Focus on Enlarging Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Question | Answer |
---|---|
Gender |
|
Age | |
You are currently |
|
What profession are you in? |
|
If you are a dentist, which branch do you focus on (as many answers as possible)? |
|
How many years have you been working? | |
Do you have visual disorders? |
|
Do you have any musculoskeletal disorders? |
|
If so, which one? | |
Do you do stretching exercises or practice muscle relaxation? |
|
If so, when do you usually perform them: |
|
During work: |
|
Do you change positions during the work session? |
|
What chair do you use? |
|
Do you play any sports? |
|
If so, which one? | |
If so, how often? | |
Do you use magnifiers? |
|
If only in some cases, specify in which work steps | |
When and how did you learn about the enlarging systems? |
|
If so, how long have you been using them? | |
If so, what kind of magnifiers do you use? |
|
You use: |
|
What magnification do you use (galilean system)? |
|
What magnification do you use (prismatic system)? |
|
Did you evaluate the parameters before purchasing the enlargement system? |
|
If so, what (more answers possible)? |
|
How tall are you? | |
Do you know your working distance? (distance between operator’s eye and work area) |
|
If so, what is it? | |
You use the magnifiers: |
|
Did you visit before using the magnifiers? |
|
Before you started using magnifiers, did you already suffer from visual disorders? (more answers possible) |
|
Do you think the use of magnifiers has reduced visual fatigue? |
|
Since using the magnifiers, you have noticed: |
|
You disinfect the magnifiers? |
|
If yes, you disinfect: |
|
Do you put the visor on top of the magnifiers? |
|
Do you use the front illuminator? |
|
Gender | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Females | 147 | 61.0 |
Males | 94 | 39.0 |
Age (years) | ||
<30 | 35 | 14.5 |
31–46 | 112 | 46.5 |
>46 | 93 | 38.6 |
Missing | 1 | 0.4 |
Profession | ||
Dental Hygienist | 152 | 63.1 |
Dentist | 89 | 36.9 |
Years of occupation | ||
<10 | 85 | 35.3 |
11–20 | 81 | 33.6 |
>20 | 73 | 30.3 |
Missing | 2 | 0.8 |
Type of System (n = 190) * | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Galileian | 59 | 24.5 |
Personalized Galileian(TTL) | 58 | 24.5 |
Prismatic | 47 | 19.5 |
Custom Prismatic (TTL) | 15 | 6.2 |
Expanding bands | 11 | 4.6 |
Type of System (n = 204) * | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Galileian system (n = 131) | ||
2× | 67 | 51.1 |
2.5× | 20 | 15.3 |
2.8× | 3 | 2.3 |
3.5× | 28 | 21.4 |
4× | 13 | 9.9 |
Prismatic system (n = 73) | ||
3.5× | 11 | 15.1 |
4× | 42 | 57.5 |
5× | 12 | 16.4 |
6× | 8 | 11.0 |
Medical Conditions | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Visual Disorders | Muscular Disorders | |||||
Total N = 241 * | ||||||
Yes | No | p-Value ** | Yes | No | p-Value ** | |
Profession, n (%) | ||||||
Dental Hygienist | 101 (66.4) | 51 (33.6) | 0.027 | 50 (32.9) | 102 (67.1) | 0.553 |
Dentist | 71 (79.8) | 18 (20.2) | 26 (29.2) | 63 (70.8) | ||
Years in occupations, n (%) | ||||||
<10 | 53 (62.4) | 32 (37.6) | 0.003 | 18 (21.2) | 67 (78.8) | 0.028 |
11–20 | 56 (69.1) | 25 (30.9) | 29 (35.8) | 52 (64.2) | ||
>20 | 63 (86.3) | 10 (13.7) | 29 (39.7) | 44 (60.3) | ||
Use of magnifiers, n (%) *** | ||||||
Yes | 140 (73.3) | 51 (26.7) | 0.195 | 58 (30.4) | 133 (69.6) | 0.445 |
No | 32 (64.0) | 18 (36.0) | 18 (36.0) | 32 (64.0) |
Profession | p-Value ** | ||
---|---|---|---|
Total (N) = 241 * | Dental Hygienist | Dentist | |
Age in years, n (%) | 0.000 | ||
<30 | 31 (20.5) | 4 (4.5) | |
31–46 | 73 (48.3) | 39 (43.8) | |
>46 | 47 (31.1) | 46 (51.7) | |
Years in occupation, n (%) | |||
<10 | 67 (78.8) | 18 (21.2) | 0.000 |
11–20 | 54 (66.7) | 27 (33.3) | |
>20 | 29 (39.7) | 44 (60.3) | |
Use of magnifiers, n (%) | 0.000 | ||
Yes | 103 (67.8) | 72 (80.9) | |
In some case | 7 (4.6) | 10 (11.2) | |
No | 42 (27.6) | 7 (7.9) | |
Use of magnifiers during work, n (%) | 0.000 | ||
During the whole working life | 93 (86.1) | 60 (75.0) | |
Only in a few stages | 15 (13.9) | 20 (25.0) | |
Duration of use magnifiers, n (%) | 0.000 | ||
<5 | 64 (58.2) | 13 (15.9) | |
6–15 | 39 (35.5) | 36 (43.9) | |
16–25 | 5 (4.5) | 21 (25.6) | |
>25 | 2 (1.8) | 12 (14.6) |
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Butera, A.; Maiorani, C.; Fantozzi, G.; Bergamante, F.; Castaldi, M.; Grassi, R.; Leuter, C.; Scribante, A.; Nardi, G.M. Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Clinical Practice of Dental Hygienists and Dentists, Prevention and Awareness among Italian Professionals: Focus on Enlarging Systems. Clin. Pract. 2024, 14, 1898-1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050150
Butera A, Maiorani C, Fantozzi G, Bergamante F, Castaldi M, Grassi R, Leuter C, Scribante A, Nardi GM. Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Clinical Practice of Dental Hygienists and Dentists, Prevention and Awareness among Italian Professionals: Focus on Enlarging Systems. Clinics and Practice. 2024; 14(5):1898-1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050150
Chicago/Turabian StyleButera, Andrea, Carolina Maiorani, Giulia Fantozzi, Francesca Bergamante, Matteo Castaldi, Roberta Grassi, Cinzia Leuter, Andrea Scribante, and Gianna Maria Nardi. 2024. "Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Clinical Practice of Dental Hygienists and Dentists, Prevention and Awareness among Italian Professionals: Focus on Enlarging Systems" Clinics and Practice 14, no. 5: 1898-1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050150
APA StyleButera, A., Maiorani, C., Fantozzi, G., Bergamante, F., Castaldi, M., Grassi, R., Leuter, C., Scribante, A., & Nardi, G. M. (2024). Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Clinical Practice of Dental Hygienists and Dentists, Prevention and Awareness among Italian Professionals: Focus on Enlarging Systems. Clinics and Practice, 14(5), 1898-1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14050150