Pediatric Reports

603 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Plunging Ranula in Children: Case Report and Literature Review

by Veronica Carlini, Valeria Calcaterra, Noemi Pasqua, Marinella Guazzotti, Mario Fusillo and Gloria Pelizzo

Pediatr. Rep. 2016, 8(4), 6576; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2016.6576 - 23 Dec 2016

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 963

Abstract

Few cases of plunging ranulas (PRs) occur during childhood and the lesions are frequently misdiagnosed. Here, a PR in a child is reported along with a literature review. A seven-year-old female complaining of swelling in the midline neck, left-submandibular region, was evaluated. No oral cavity or major salivary glands abnormalities were detected. On palpation, a soft, painless, and fluid-containing mass was observed. The suspicion PR was performed by ultrasound. The diagnosis was confirmed with a histopathological examination. The lesion was removed with a cervical approach, without recurrence. PR is an uncommon condition in children under 10 years of age. Differential diagnosis depends on clinical examination and ultrasonography. A computed tomography-scan and magnetic resonance imaging can be performed if the diagnosis remains uncertain. In pediatrics, the key to success of the treatment may rely on the radical excision of the cyst and sublingual gland, via an intraoral or submandibular approach. Full article

5483 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Severe Lower Limb Ischemia by Massive Arterial Thrombosis Revealing an Acute Myeloid Leukemia Needing for Leg Amputation: Clinical and Emotional Aspects Related to the Communication with the Patient and Hhis Family

by Paolo D'Angelo, Calogero Taormina, Clara Mosa, Floriana Di Marco, Fabrizio Valentino, Angela Trizzino, Paola Guadagna and Francesco Talarico

Pediatr. Rep. 2016, 8(4), 6885; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2016.6885 - 9 Dec 2016

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 528

Abstract

Large vessel thrombosis is a very rare clinical presentation of acute leukemia, generally associated with coagulopathy, usually characteristic of acute promyelocytic leukemia. A 13- year-old boy with a previously undiagnosed acute myeloid leukemia was referred to our hospital with acute ischemia of the right lower limb due to occlusion of the right external iliac artery, treated with emergency double surgical thromboembolectomy and chemotherapy. The thrombotic complication resulted in leg amputation. Now the boy is well in complete remission, with a good social integration and quality of life, 30 months after completing treatment. The report highlights the crucial role of early diagnosis and subsequent chemotherapy in avoiding amputation. We particularly focused critical and emotional aspects related to the communication about the leg amputation with the patient and his family. Full article

587 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Zinc Supplementation in Children with Asthma Exacerbation

by Sanguansak Rerksuppaphol and Lakkana Rerksuppaphol

Pediatr. Rep. 2016, 8(4), 6685; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2016.6685 - 9 Dec 2016

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 954

Abstract

Zinc deficiency has demonstrated an association with the risk of asthma. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in reducing the severity of childhood asthma exacerbation. A number of 42 children with asthma exacerbation admitted to the hospital were randomized to receive either zinc bis-glycinate (30 mg elemental zinc/day) or a placebo in adjuvant to the standard treatment. The pediatric respiratory assessment measure (PRAM) was used to measure the asthma severity. The primary outcome was a change in asthma severity from the baseline to the end of study. The study found that PRAM score in the zinc group showed a more rapid decrease compared to the control group at the 24-hour (2.2±1.3 vs. 1.2±1.3; P=0.015) and 48-hour (3.4±2.0 vs. 2.2±1.8; P=0.042) intervals. At admission, overall mean serum zinc level was 63.8 mg/dL and 57.1% of children had zinc deficiency with no difference in prevalence between groups. PRAM scores did not differ between children with low and normal zinc status. In conclusion, zinc supplementation as the adjuvant therapy to the standard treatment during asthma exacerbation resulted in rapid lessening of severity. Full article

617 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Prevalence, Demographic Characteristics and Associated Risk Factors of Malnutrition among 0-5 Aged Children: A Cross-Sectional Study from Van, Eastern Turkey

by Baran Serdar Kizilyildiz, Bülent Sönmez, Kamuran Karaman, Burhan Beger, Adnan Mercen, Süleyman Alioğlu and Yaşar Cesur

Pediatr. Rep. 2016, 8(4), 6112; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2016.6112 - 9 Dec 2016

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 990

Abstract

Malnutrition in childhood is a dramatic indicator of poor socio-economical status worldwide. To recognize and reveal the socio-demographic features is crucial, especially for developing countries. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence and association with sociodemographic variables of malnutrition in 0-5 years old children in Van, Turkey. A total of 702 children are included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic features of subject including age, gender, family characteristics and other data were obtained. Nutritional assessment was done using anthropometric indices including weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, head circumference and body mass index-for-age. Multivariate logistic regressions were carried out to assess malnutrition- associated factors. Prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were 19.7, 17.7 and 16.2%, respectively. Socio-demographic variables that statistical significantly in association with malnutrition were low monthly family income, educational level and employment status of father, parental consanguinity, number of pregnancies, regular intake of vitamin D and history of prematurity. The prevalence of children with head circumference-z score ≤−2SD and body mass index-for-age ≤−2SD were 9.8 and 16.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis detected following risk factors for these indices; low monthly family income, history of prematurity, unemployed father and the period between pregnancies (1- 2 years). We found that prevalence of malnutrition in the city of Van, was still higher than more developed regions of Turkey. The associated risk factors of malnutrition should be specifically interpreted by health professionals and also by government authorities that are responsible for making practical politics of public health. Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

An Unexpected Fever Post Serogroup B Meningococcal Sepsis

by Daniele Donà, Elisa Gnoato, Carlo Giaquinto and Carlo Moretti

Pediatr. Rep. 2016, 8(4), 6613; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2016.6613 - 17 Nov 2016

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 569

Abstract

This case report describes an invasive meningococcal group B infection followed by the development of Kawasaki disease (KD) complicated by macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in a 2-year-old child. The presented case indicates the possible etiologic relationship between meningococcal sepsis and KD as support of bacterial toxin induced theory. It’s important to maintain a high grade of suspicious for KD in every relapse of fever also during convalescence phase of severe infection. Usually, initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin is sufficient to control the disease; but, in case of refractory KD complicated by MAS, corticosteroid therapy represents a good option inducing prompt fever resolution and clinical improvement. Full article

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Pediatr. Rep., Volume 8, Issue 4 (November 2016) – 5 articles

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