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Neurology International
Volume 17
Issue 8
10.3390/neurolint17080114
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Background:
Brief Report

Elevated Urinary Titin in Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Observational Study

by
Andrea Sipos
1,
Emese Rebeka Ripszám
2,
Judit Mária Molnár
2,
Zoltán Grosz
2,
Judit Boczán
3,
Melinda Borbála Altorjay
3,
Livia Dézsi
4,
Anett Csáti
4,
Kristóf Babarczy
4,
Norbert Kovács
1,
Nándor Hajdú
5 and
Endre Pál
1,*
1
Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
2
Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
3
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
4
Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
5
Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Neurol. Int. 2025, 17(8), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint17080114
Submission received: 4 May 2025 / Revised: 6 July 2025 / Accepted: 17 July 2025 / Published: 22 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarker Research in Neuromuscular Diseases)
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Abstract

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a treatable motor neuron disease. Biomarkers for skeletal muscle atrophy are extremely important for measuring the effects of treatment and monitoring the natural course of the disease. The urinary titin N fragment (UNT) has recently been proven to be related to muscle damage. Methods: The UNT was measured in 41 patients with SMA and 41 healthy controls. Clinical data, functional tests, and laboratory findings were also recorded. Results: We found significantly higher UNT levels in the patient samples than in the healthy subjects. The UNT was not related to disease type, functional test results, or serum creatine kinase levels. Conclusions: This cross-sectional study highlights the importance of the UNT as a potential noninvasive biomarker for spinal muscular atrophy. Its role can potentially be verified through longitudinal studies.
Keywords: biomarkers; spinal muscular atrophy; urinary titin biomarkers; spinal muscular atrophy; urinary titin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sipos, A.; Ripszám, E.R.; Molnár, J.M.; Grosz, Z.; Boczán, J.; Altorjay, M.B.; Dézsi, L.; Csáti, A.; Babarczy, K.; Kovács, N.; et al. Elevated Urinary Titin in Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Neurol. Int. 2025, 17, 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint17080114

AMA Style

Sipos A, Ripszám ER, Molnár JM, Grosz Z, Boczán J, Altorjay MB, Dézsi L, Csáti A, Babarczy K, Kovács N, et al. Elevated Urinary Titin in Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Neurology International. 2025; 17(8):114. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint17080114

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sipos, Andrea, Emese Rebeka Ripszám, Judit Mária Molnár, Zoltán Grosz, Judit Boczán, Melinda Borbála Altorjay, Livia Dézsi, Anett Csáti, Kristóf Babarczy, Norbert Kovács, and et al. 2025. "Elevated Urinary Titin in Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Observational Study" Neurology International 17, no. 8: 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint17080114

APA Style

Sipos, A., Ripszám, E. R., Molnár, J. M., Grosz, Z., Boczán, J., Altorjay, M. B., Dézsi, L., Csáti, A., Babarczy, K., Kovács, N., Hajdú, N., & Pál, E. (2025). Elevated Urinary Titin in Adult Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Neurology International, 17(8), 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/neurolint17080114

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