IPTVisual: Visualisation of the Spatial Energy Flows in Inductive Power Transfer Systems with Arbitrary Winding Shapes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Winding Modelling
2.1.1. Spiral Type Windings
2.1.2. Straight Line Type Model
2.1.3. Preparations of the Winding Objects
2.2. Circuit and System Modelling
2.3. Solver
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. A Helmholtz Transmitter System
3.2. A Multi-Transmitter System
3.3. Line Windings Construction Used in Air-Core Electric Machines
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Verification of the Self- and Mutual-Inductance Calculation in IPTVisual
Appendix A.1. Self-Inductance of Circular Windings
Model Parameters | Equation (A1) | ANSYS | IPTVisual (This Work, NodeJS) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time | Mem | Time | Mem | |||||
0.25 m | 0.5 mm | 2.056 μH | 1.8097 μH | 102 min | 3.2 GB | 2.058 μH | 0.24 s | 48 MB |
0.25 m | 5 mm | 1.333 μH | 1.0963 μH | 4.5 min | 2.3 GB | 1.323 μH | 0.20 s | 44 MB |
0.10 m | 10 mm | 331.4 nH * | 310.7 nH | 1.5 min | 1.7 GB | 315.3 nH | 0.20 s | 40 MB |
Appendix A.2. Mutual-Inductance between Two Circular Coils
- Cross-section radius: 5 μm … reference did not specify
- C1 Key-points: [(0.16, 0, 0), (0.16, 0, 0)] … a full circle (arc) with radius 16 cm
- C2 Key-points: [(0.10, 0, 0), (0.10, 0, 0)] … a full circle (arc) with radius 10 cm
- C2 transform offset: (0, 4.3301, 17.5)
- C2 transform normal: (sin(ψ)sin(60°), cos(ψ)sin(60°), cos(60°))
Azimuth Angle * | Grover [23] | Babic [21] | FastHenry [22] | IPTVisual (This Work, NodeJS) |
(nH) | (nH) | (nH) | (nH) | |
0 | 13.6113 | 13.6113 | 13.6162 | 13.6113 |
π/6 | 14.4688 | 14.4688 | 14.4704 | 14.4683 |
π/4 | 15.4877 | 15.4877 | 15.4932 | 15.4870 |
π/3 | 16.8189 | 16.8189 | 16.8249 | 16.8181 |
π/2 | 20.0534 | 20.0534 | 20.0604 | 20.0522 |
2π/3 | 23.3253 | 23.3253 | 23.3334 | 23.3238 |
3π/4 | 24.6936 | 24.6936 | 24.7022 | 24.6921 |
5π/6 | 25.7493 | 25.7493 | 25.7583 | 25.7478 |
π | 26.6433 | 26.6433 | 26.6526 | 26.6419 |
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Property | Type | Data | |
---|---|---|---|
Diameter | Number | a | |
Number of coordinates | Number | N + 1 | |
Coordinates | List | Address | Data |
0 | <0, 0, 0> | ||
1 | <a, 0, 0> | ||
… | … | ||
N | <Na, 0, 0> |
Property | Type | Content |
---|---|---|
Winding | Object | Reference to winding object |
Source Type | Enum | {CV|CI |Null} * |
Source Value | Complex Number | Source amplitude and phase |
Compensation Impedance | Complex Number | Total series impedance |
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Zhang, C.; Chen, X.; Chen, K.; Lin, D. IPTVisual: Visualisation of the Spatial Energy Flows in Inductive Power Transfer Systems with Arbitrary Winding Shapes. World Electr. Veh. J. 2022, 13, 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj13040063
Zhang C, Chen X, Chen K, Lin D. IPTVisual: Visualisation of the Spatial Energy Flows in Inductive Power Transfer Systems with Arbitrary Winding Shapes. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2022; 13(4):63. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj13040063
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Cheng, Xiaoyun Chen, Kunyu Chen, and Deyan Lin. 2022. "IPTVisual: Visualisation of the Spatial Energy Flows in Inductive Power Transfer Systems with Arbitrary Winding Shapes" World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 4: 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj13040063