Different Methods and Formulations of Drugs and Vaccines for Nasal Administration
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Academic Editor: Sandra Jesus
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(5), 1073; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051073
Received: 29 March 2022
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Revised: 9 May 2022
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Accepted: 16 May 2022
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Published: 17 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nasal Drug and Vaccine Delivery: Opportunities, Advantages and Limitations of Nanomaterials)
Nasal drug delivery is advantageous when compared with other routes of drug delivery as it avoids the hepatic first-pass effect, blood–brain barrier penetration, and compliance issues with parenteral administration. However, nasal administration also has some limitations, such as its low bioavailability due to metabolism on the mucosal surface, and irreversible damage to the nasal mucosa due to the ingredients added into the formula. Moreover, the method of nasal administration is not applicable to all drugs. The current review presents the nasal anatomy and mucosal environment for the nasal delivery of vaccines and drugs, as well as presents various methods for enhancing nasal absorption, and different drug carriers and delivery devices to improve nasal drug delivery. It also presents future prospects on the nasal drug delivery of vaccines and drugs.
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Keywords:
drug delivery; intranasal; vaccine; immunity; nanotechnology
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MDPI and ACS Style
Tai, J.; Han, M.; Lee, D.; Park, I.-H.; Lee, S.H.; Kim, T.H. Different Methods and Formulations of Drugs and Vaccines for Nasal Administration. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051073
AMA Style
Tai J, Han M, Lee D, Park I-H, Lee SH, Kim TH. Different Methods and Formulations of Drugs and Vaccines for Nasal Administration. Pharmaceutics. 2022; 14(5):1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051073
Chicago/Turabian StyleTai, Junhu, Munsoo Han, Dabin Lee, Il-Ho Park, Sang H. Lee, and Tae H. Kim. 2022. "Different Methods and Formulations of Drugs and Vaccines for Nasal Administration" Pharmaceutics 14, no. 5: 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051073
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