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Article

Autologous Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Driving Bone Regeneration in a Rabbit Model of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis

by
Ilenia Mastrolia
1,*,
Andrea Giorgini
2,
Alba Murgia
3,
Pietro Loschi
4,
Tiziana Petrachi
3,
Valeria Rasini
1,
Massimo Pinelli
5,
Valentina Pinto
5,
Francesca Lolli
5,
Chiara Chiavelli
1,
Giulia Grisendi
1,
Maria Cristina Baschieri
1,
Giorgio De Santis
5,
Fabio Catani
2,
Massimo Dominici
1,3,† and
Elena Veronesi
1,3,†
1
Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
2
Division of Orthopedics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
3
Technopole of Mirandola TPM, Mirandola, 41037 Modena, Italy
4
Dardano Clinic, Medolla, 41036 Modena, Italy
5
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Pharmaceutics 2022, 14(10), 2127; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102127
Submission received: 28 July 2022 / Revised: 21 September 2022 / Accepted: 3 October 2022 / Published: 6 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stromal, Stem, Signaling Cells: The Multiple Roles and Applications of Mesenchymal Cells)
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Abstract

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a progressive degenerative disease that ultimately requires a total hip replacement. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), particularly the ones isolated from bone marrow (BM), could be promising tools to restore bone tissue in ONFH. Here, we established a rabbit model to mimic the pathogenic features of human ONFH and to challenge an autologous MSC-based treatment. ON has been originally induced by the synergic combination of surgery and steroid administration. Autologous BM-MSCs were then implanted in the FH, aiming to restore the damaged tissue. Histological analyses confirmed bone formation in the BM-MSC treated rabbit femurs but not in the controls. In addition, the model also allowed investigations on BM-MSCs isolated before (ON-BM-MSCs) and after (ON+BM-MSCs) ON induction to dissect the impact of ON damage on MSC behavior in an affected microenvironment, accounting for those clinical approaches foreseeing MSCs generally isolated from affected patients. BM-MSCs, isolated before and after ON induction, revealed similar growth rates, immunophenotypic profiles, and differentiation abilities regardless of the ON. Our data support the use of ON+BM-MSCs as a promising autologous therapeutic tool to treat ON, paving the way for a more consolidated use into the clinical settings.
Keywords: osteonecrosis; femoral head; bone marrow; mesenchymal stromal/stem cells; bone regeneration; cell therapy osteonecrosis; femoral head; bone marrow; mesenchymal stromal/stem cells; bone regeneration; cell therapy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Mastrolia, I.; Giorgini, A.; Murgia, A.; Loschi, P.; Petrachi, T.; Rasini, V.; Pinelli, M.; Pinto, V.; Lolli, F.; Chiavelli, C.; et al. Autologous Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Driving Bone Regeneration in a Rabbit Model of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 2127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102127

AMA Style

Mastrolia I, Giorgini A, Murgia A, Loschi P, Petrachi T, Rasini V, Pinelli M, Pinto V, Lolli F, Chiavelli C, et al. Autologous Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Driving Bone Regeneration in a Rabbit Model of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis. Pharmaceutics. 2022; 14(10):2127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102127

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mastrolia, Ilenia, Andrea Giorgini, Alba Murgia, Pietro Loschi, Tiziana Petrachi, Valeria Rasini, Massimo Pinelli, Valentina Pinto, Francesca Lolli, Chiara Chiavelli, and et al. 2022. "Autologous Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Driving Bone Regeneration in a Rabbit Model of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis" Pharmaceutics 14, no. 10: 2127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102127

APA Style

Mastrolia, I., Giorgini, A., Murgia, A., Loschi, P., Petrachi, T., Rasini, V., Pinelli, M., Pinto, V., Lolli, F., Chiavelli, C., Grisendi, G., Baschieri, M. C., Santis, G. D., Catani, F., Dominici, M., & Veronesi, E. (2022). Autologous Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Driving Bone Regeneration in a Rabbit Model of Femoral Head Osteonecrosis. Pharmaceutics, 14(10), 2127. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102127

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