Next Article in Journal
First Indications of Omsk Haemorrhagic Fever Virus beyond Russia
Previous Article in Journal
Viral Evolution and Immunology of SARS-CoV-2 in a Persistent Infection after Treatment with Rituximab
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Viruses
Volume 14
Issue 4
10.3390/v14040753
viruses-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Dementia Biomarkers in People Living with HIV: Cross-Sectional Study on Associated Factors According to Viral Control, Neurological Confounders and Neurocognition

by
Mattia Trunfio
1,*,
Cristiana Atzori
2,
Marta Pasquero
1,
Alessandro Di Stefano
1,
Daniela Vai
2,
Marco Nigra
3,
Daniele Imperiale
2,
Stefano Bonora
1,
Giovanni Di Perri
1 and
Andrea Calcagno
1
1
Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin at Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, 10149 Torino, Italy
2
Neurology Unit, Maria Vittoria Hospital, 10144 Torino, Italy
3
Laboratory Medicine, Maria Vittoria Hospital, 10144 Torino, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2022, 14(4), 753; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040753
Submission received: 13 March 2022 / Revised: 28 March 2022 / Accepted: 2 April 2022 / Published: 4 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Human Virology and Viral Diseases)
Browse Figures
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

People living with HIV (PLWH) age with an excess burden of comorbidities that may increase the incidence of age-related complications. There is controversy surrounding the hypothesis that HIV can accelerate neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). We performed a retrospective study to analyze the distribution of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers (beta amyloid 1–42 fragment, tau, and phosphorylated tau) in adult PLWH (on cART with undetectable viremia, n = 136, with detectable viremia, n = 121, and with central nervous system CNS disorders regardless of viremia, n = 72) who underwent a lumbar puncture between 2008 to 2018; HIV-negative controls with AD were included (n = 84). Five subjects (1.5%) presented CSF biomarkers that were compatible with AD: one was diagnosed with AD, whereas the others showed HIV encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, cryptococcal meningitis, and neurotoxoplasmosis. Regardless of confounders, 79.6% of study participants presented normal CSF AD biomarkers. Isolated abnormalities in CSF beta amyloid 1–42 (7.9%) and tau (10.9%) were associated with age, biomarkers of intrathecal injury, and inflammation, although no HIV-specific feature was associated with abnormal CSF patterns. CSF levels of AD biomarkers very poorly overlapped between HIV-positive clinical categories and AD controls. Despite the correlations with neurocognitive performance, the inter-relationship between amyloid and tau proteins in PLWH seem to differ from that observed in AD subjects; the main driver of the isolated increase in tau seems represented by non-specific CNS inflammation, whereas the mechanisms underlying isolated amyloid consumption remain unclear.
Keywords: HIV; Alzheimer’s dementia; cerebrospinal fluid; biomarkers; beta amyloid; tau; phosphorylated tau; neurocognitive disorders; neurodegenerative disorders; central nervous system infections HIV; Alzheimer’s dementia; cerebrospinal fluid; biomarkers; beta amyloid; tau; phosphorylated tau; neurocognitive disorders; neurodegenerative disorders; central nervous system infections

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Trunfio, M.; Atzori, C.; Pasquero, M.; Di Stefano, A.; Vai, D.; Nigra, M.; Imperiale, D.; Bonora, S.; Di Perri, G.; Calcagno, A. Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Dementia Biomarkers in People Living with HIV: Cross-Sectional Study on Associated Factors According to Viral Control, Neurological Confounders and Neurocognition. Viruses 2022, 14, 753. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040753

AMA Style

Trunfio M, Atzori C, Pasquero M, Di Stefano A, Vai D, Nigra M, Imperiale D, Bonora S, Di Perri G, Calcagno A. Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Dementia Biomarkers in People Living with HIV: Cross-Sectional Study on Associated Factors According to Viral Control, Neurological Confounders and Neurocognition. Viruses. 2022; 14(4):753. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040753

Chicago/Turabian Style

Trunfio, Mattia, Cristiana Atzori, Marta Pasquero, Alessandro Di Stefano, Daniela Vai, Marco Nigra, Daniele Imperiale, Stefano Bonora, Giovanni Di Perri, and Andrea Calcagno. 2022. "Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Dementia Biomarkers in People Living with HIV: Cross-Sectional Study on Associated Factors According to Viral Control, Neurological Confounders and Neurocognition" Viruses 14, no. 4: 753. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040753

APA Style

Trunfio, M., Atzori, C., Pasquero, M., Di Stefano, A., Vai, D., Nigra, M., Imperiale, D., Bonora, S., Di Perri, G., & Calcagno, A. (2022). Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Alzheimer’s Dementia Biomarkers in People Living with HIV: Cross-Sectional Study on Associated Factors According to Viral Control, Neurological Confounders and Neurocognition. Viruses, 14(4), 753. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14040753

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop