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Volume 14
Issue 3
10.3390/v14030500
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Article

Alcohol Consumption and Its Influence on the Clinical Picture of Puumala Hantavirus Infection

by
Laura Tervo
1,2,*,
Tuula K. Outinen
1,2,
Satu Mäkelä
1,2,
Jenna Mustalahti
1,2,
Heini Huhtala
3,
Ilkka Pörsti
1,2,
Jaana Syrjänen
1,2,
Jukka T. Mustonen
1,2 and
Onni Niemelä
2,4
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
2
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
3
Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
4
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2022, 14(3), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030500
Submission received: 15 December 2021 / Revised: 24 February 2022 / Accepted: 25 February 2022 / Published: 28 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hantavirus Research in Finland)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Characteristic clinical findings include acute kidney injury (AKI), thrombocytopenia, and capillary leakage. Smoking increases the risk of severe AKI, but it is not known whether alcohol consumption predisposes patients to a more severe infection. Liver and pancreatic enzymes, as well as biomarkers of alcohol consumption (gamma-glutamyl transferase, GGT; carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, CDT; GGT-CDT combination; and ethyl glucuronide, EtG), were measured from 66 patients with acute PUUV infection during hospitalization and at the convalescence phase. Alcohol consumption was present in 41% of the study population, 15% showing signs of heavy drinking. Alcohol use did not affect the severity of PUUV induced AKI nor the overall clinical picture of the infection. Liver enzyme levels (GGT or alanine aminotransferase, ALT) were elevated in 64% of the patients, but the levels did not associate with the markers reflecting the severity of the disease. Serum amylase activities at the convalescent stage were higher than those at the acute phase (p < 0.001). No cases with acute pancreatitis were found. In conclusion, our findings indicate that alcohol consumption does not seem to affect the clinical course of an acute PUUV infection.
Keywords: Puumala hantavirus; hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; alcohol drinking; ethanol; liver enzymes; pancreatitis; acute kidney injury Puumala hantavirus; hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; alcohol drinking; ethanol; liver enzymes; pancreatitis; acute kidney injury

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tervo, L.; Outinen, T.K.; Mäkelä, S.; Mustalahti, J.; Huhtala, H.; Pörsti, I.; Syrjänen, J.; Mustonen, J.T.; Niemelä, O. Alcohol Consumption and Its Influence on the Clinical Picture of Puumala Hantavirus Infection. Viruses 2022, 14, 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030500

AMA Style

Tervo L, Outinen TK, Mäkelä S, Mustalahti J, Huhtala H, Pörsti I, Syrjänen J, Mustonen JT, Niemelä O. Alcohol Consumption and Its Influence on the Clinical Picture of Puumala Hantavirus Infection. Viruses. 2022; 14(3):500. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030500

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tervo, Laura, Tuula K. Outinen, Satu Mäkelä, Jenna Mustalahti, Heini Huhtala, Ilkka Pörsti, Jaana Syrjänen, Jukka T. Mustonen, and Onni Niemelä. 2022. "Alcohol Consumption and Its Influence on the Clinical Picture of Puumala Hantavirus Infection" Viruses 14, no. 3: 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030500

APA Style

Tervo, L., Outinen, T. K., Mäkelä, S., Mustalahti, J., Huhtala, H., Pörsti, I., Syrjänen, J., Mustonen, J. T., & Niemelä, O. (2022). Alcohol Consumption and Its Influence on the Clinical Picture of Puumala Hantavirus Infection. Viruses, 14(3), 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14030500

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