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Volume 13
Issue 3
10.3390/v13030519
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Review

Host Components That Modulate the Disease Caused by hMPV

by
Nicolás M. S. Gálvez
1,†,
Catalina A. Andrade
1,†,
Gaspar A. Pacheco
1,
Jorge A. Soto
1,
Vicente Stranger
1,
Thomas Rivera
1,
Abel E. Vásquez
2,3 and
Alexis M. Kalergis
1,4,*
1
Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
2
Sección de Biotecnología, Agencia Nacional de Dispositivos Médicos, Innovación y Desarrollo, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Ñuñoa 7750000, Chile
3
Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Providencia, Santiago 7500000, Chile
4
Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Viruses 2021, 13(3), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/v13030519
Submission received: 4 December 2020 / Revised: 27 February 2021 / Accepted: 1 March 2021 / Published: 22 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intrinsic Antiviral Factors)
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Abstract

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is one of the main pathogens responsible for acute respiratory infections in children up to 5 years of age, contributing substantially to health burden. The worldwide economic and social impact of this virus is significant and must be addressed. The structural components of hMPV (either proteins or genetic material) can be detected by several receptors expressed by host cells through the engagement of pattern recognition receptors. The recognition of the structural components of hMPV can promote the signaling of the immune response to clear the infection, leading to the activation of several pathways, such as those related to the interferon response. Even so, several intrinsic factors are capable of modulating the immune response or directly inhibiting the replication of hMPV. This article will discuss the current knowledge regarding the innate and adaptive immune response during hMPV infections. Accordingly, the host intrinsic components capable of modulating the immune response and the elements capable of restricting viral replication during hMPV infections will be examined.
Keywords: human metapneumovirus; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; host factors human metapneumovirus; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; host factors

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gálvez, N.M.S.; Andrade, C.A.; Pacheco, G.A.; Soto, J.A.; Stranger, V.; Rivera, T.; Vásquez, A.E.; Kalergis, A.M. Host Components That Modulate the Disease Caused by hMPV. Viruses 2021, 13, 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13030519

AMA Style

Gálvez NMS, Andrade CA, Pacheco GA, Soto JA, Stranger V, Rivera T, Vásquez AE, Kalergis AM. Host Components That Modulate the Disease Caused by hMPV. Viruses. 2021; 13(3):519. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13030519

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gálvez, Nicolás M. S., Catalina A. Andrade, Gaspar A. Pacheco, Jorge A. Soto, Vicente Stranger, Thomas Rivera, Abel E. Vásquez, and Alexis M. Kalergis. 2021. "Host Components That Modulate the Disease Caused by hMPV" Viruses 13, no. 3: 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13030519

APA Style

Gálvez, N. M. S., Andrade, C. A., Pacheco, G. A., Soto, J. A., Stranger, V., Rivera, T., Vásquez, A. E., & Kalergis, A. M. (2021). Host Components That Modulate the Disease Caused by hMPV. Viruses, 13(3), 519. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13030519

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