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Article

Effect of Pretreatment on the Corrosion Behavior of AHSS CP 780 Analyzed by Electrochemical Techniques

by
Citlalli Gaona-Tiburcio
1,*,
Demetrio Nieves-Mendoza
2,*,
Jesus Manuel Jaquez-Muñoz
3,
Jose Cabral-Miramontes
1,
Erick Maldonado-Bandala
2,
Brenda Baltazar-Garcia
2,
Miguel Angel Baltazar-Zamora
2,
Francisco Estupinan-Lopez
1,
María Lara-Banda
1,
Javier Olguin-Coca
4,
Juan Pablo Flores-De los Rios
5 and
Facundo Almeraya-Calderon
1
1
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, FIME, Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Ingeniería Aeronáutica (CIIIA), San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
2
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91000, Mexico
3
Centro de Ciencias de la Ingeniera, Universidad Autonóma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20340, Mexico
4
Área Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Hidalgo 42082, Mexico
5
Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico-Instituto Tecnológico de Chihuahua, Av. Tecnologico 2909, Chihuahua 31130, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2026, 19(2), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020225
Submission received: 5 December 2025 / Revised: 26 December 2025 / Accepted: 31 December 2025 / Published: 6 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Electrochemistry and Protection of Metallic Materials (2nd Edition))
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Abstract

To reduce CO2 emissions into the environment, the automotive sector uses microalloyed structural steels coated with electrophoretic paint in various components, such as the chassis, to reduce weight and increase corrosion resistance. AHSSs are coated with electrophoretic paint (E-coat). Still, to improve adhesion, they undergo a pretreatment, such as zinc phosphate or zirconium oxide. This research will analyze the effects and behavior of these coatings during corrosion on a complex-phase (CP) 780 AHSS using different electrochemical techniques, including cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP), electrochemical noise (EN), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The CP 780 AHSS was immersed in a 3.5 wt. % sodium chloride solution. Results show that AHSS CP 780 presented a mixed corrosion mechanism due to the heterogeneity of the surface of the zinc phosphate and zirconium oxide pretreatments. On the other hand, the samples with an E-coat paint coating and pretreatment (Zn3(PO4)2/E-coat and ZrO2/E-coat) have the lowest current densities with values of 6.44 × 10−11 1.02 × 10−9 A/cm2 and also do not show a tendency towards localized corrosion or negative hysteresis.
Keywords: E-coat; electrochemistry; corrosion; pretreatment; corrosion; AHSSs E-coat; electrochemistry; corrosion; pretreatment; corrosion; AHSSs
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MDPI and ACS Style

Gaona-Tiburcio, C.; Nieves-Mendoza, D.; Jaquez-Muñoz, J.M.; Cabral-Miramontes, J.; Maldonado-Bandala, E.; Baltazar-Garcia, B.; Baltazar-Zamora, M.A.; Estupinan-Lopez, F.; Lara-Banda, M.; Olguin-Coca, J.; et al. Effect of Pretreatment on the Corrosion Behavior of AHSS CP 780 Analyzed by Electrochemical Techniques. Materials 2026, 19, 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020225

AMA Style

Gaona-Tiburcio C, Nieves-Mendoza D, Jaquez-Muñoz JM, Cabral-Miramontes J, Maldonado-Bandala E, Baltazar-Garcia B, Baltazar-Zamora MA, Estupinan-Lopez F, Lara-Banda M, Olguin-Coca J, et al. Effect of Pretreatment on the Corrosion Behavior of AHSS CP 780 Analyzed by Electrochemical Techniques. Materials. 2026; 19(2):225. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020225

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gaona-Tiburcio, Citlalli, Demetrio Nieves-Mendoza, Jesus Manuel Jaquez-Muñoz, Jose Cabral-Miramontes, Erick Maldonado-Bandala, Brenda Baltazar-Garcia, Miguel Angel Baltazar-Zamora, Francisco Estupinan-Lopez, María Lara-Banda, Javier Olguin-Coca, and et al. 2026. "Effect of Pretreatment on the Corrosion Behavior of AHSS CP 780 Analyzed by Electrochemical Techniques" Materials 19, no. 2: 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020225

APA Style

Gaona-Tiburcio, C., Nieves-Mendoza, D., Jaquez-Muñoz, J. M., Cabral-Miramontes, J., Maldonado-Bandala, E., Baltazar-Garcia, B., Baltazar-Zamora, M. A., Estupinan-Lopez, F., Lara-Banda, M., Olguin-Coca, J., Flores-De los Rios, J. P., & Almeraya-Calderon, F. (2026). Effect of Pretreatment on the Corrosion Behavior of AHSS CP 780 Analyzed by Electrochemical Techniques. Materials, 19(2), 225. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19020225

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