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Volume 19
Issue 11
10.3390/ma19112425
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Multi-Field Coupling Analysis of Resistance Spot Welding of SUS301L/Q235B Dissimilar Steel Based on Nickel Intermediate Layer

by
Xiaoqi Zhang
1,*,
Jinhao Li
1,
Chengxian Yuan
1,
Long Wang
1 and
Zhongliang Gao
2
1
College of Engineering, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
2
Quality Assurance Department, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., Changchun 130062, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2026, 19(11), 2425; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112425 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 7 March 2026 / Revised: 23 April 2026 / Accepted: 19 May 2026 / Published: 5 June 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Metals and Alloys)
Versions Notes

Abstract

With the widespread application of stainless steel rail vehicles, the resistance spot-welding process between stainless steel and low-carbon steel has become one of the key connection processes in vehicle body manufacturing. However, due to the differences in the material physical properties of these two types of steel, problems such as center offset often occur during the welding process. This study adopts the finite element analysis method to systematically analyze the changes in the force field and the temperature field during the welding process after adding a nickel intermediate layer between the two materials, as well as its impact on the physical properties of the joint. The results of the finite element analysis and the physical experiments show that adding a nickel intermediate layer can effectively suppress the center deviation of the weld nugget, optimize the microstructure of the nugget, improve the continuity of the microhardness distribution, and thereby enhance the joint strength of the spot welding.
Keywords: dissimilar steel linkage resistance spot welding; nickel intermediate layer multi-field coupling simulation dissimilar steel linkage resistance spot welding; nickel intermediate layer multi-field coupling simulation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, X.; Li, J.; Yuan, C.; Wang, L.; Gao, Z. Multi-Field Coupling Analysis of Resistance Spot Welding of SUS301L/Q235B Dissimilar Steel Based on Nickel Intermediate Layer. Materials 2026, 19, 2425. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112425

AMA Style

Zhang X, Li J, Yuan C, Wang L, Gao Z. Multi-Field Coupling Analysis of Resistance Spot Welding of SUS301L/Q235B Dissimilar Steel Based on Nickel Intermediate Layer. Materials. 2026; 19(11):2425. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112425

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Xiaoqi, Jinhao Li, Chengxian Yuan, Long Wang, and Zhongliang Gao. 2026. "Multi-Field Coupling Analysis of Resistance Spot Welding of SUS301L/Q235B Dissimilar Steel Based on Nickel Intermediate Layer" Materials 19, no. 11: 2425. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112425

APA Style

Zhang, X., Li, J., Yuan, C., Wang, L., & Gao, Z. (2026). Multi-Field Coupling Analysis of Resistance Spot Welding of SUS301L/Q235B Dissimilar Steel Based on Nickel Intermediate Layer. Materials, 19(11), 2425. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112425

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