Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films

Luo, Yizhou; Wang, Jingyu; Luo, Xing; Su, Hengpei; Zhao, Zelin; Huang, Wanxia

doi:10.3390/ma19112195

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Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films

by

Yizhou Luo

¹,

Jingyu Wang

¹,

Xing Luo

¹,

Hengpei Su

¹,

Zelin Zhao

² and

Wanxia Huang

^1,*

¹

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

²

State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2026, 19(11), 2195; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112195

Submission received: 6 May 2026 / Revised: 20 May 2026 / Accepted: 21 May 2026 / Published: 22 May 2026

(This article belongs to the Section Thin Films and Interfaces)

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Abstract

To improve the durability of terahertz (THz) electromagnetic shielding materials in atomic oxygen environments relevant to low Earth orbit (LEO), two MXene/para-aramid nanofiber (ANF) composite architectures were designed, including a uniformly blended structure and a sandwich configuration. Ti₃C₂T_x MXene was used as the conductive phase, while ANF served as a protective matrix. Oxygen plasma treatment was employed to simulate atomic oxygen exposure. The results show that the plasma resistance of blended films strongly depends on MXene content. Increasing the MXene fraction enhances conductive network redundancy and reduces conductivity degradation. In contrast, the sandwich-structured film exhibits superior structural stability. The outer ANF layers effectively limit direct plasma–MXene interaction and undergo surface carbonization during plasma exposure, forming an additional diffusion barrier. As a result, the sandwich film maintains stable THz shielding performance, with the average shielding effectiveness increasing from 42.6 dB to 44.9 dB after plasma treatment. These results indicate that structural regulation of the internal conductive network, which limits plasma penetration, is essential for maintaining stable MXene-based THz shielding performance under oxidative plasma conditions.

Keywords: aramid nanofibers; composite structure; MXene; plasma; terahertz shielding

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MDPI and ACS Style

Luo, Y.; Wang, J.; Luo, X.; Su, H.; Zhao, Z.; Huang, W. Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films. Materials 2026, 19, 2195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112195

AMA Style

Luo Y, Wang J, Luo X, Su H, Zhao Z, Huang W. Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films. Materials. 2026; 19(11):2195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112195

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luo, Yizhou, Jingyu Wang, Xing Luo, Hengpei Su, Zelin Zhao, and Wanxia Huang. 2026. "Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films" Materials 19, no. 11: 2195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112195

APA Style

Luo, Y., Wang, J., Luo, X., Su, H., Zhao, Z., & Huang, W. (2026). Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films. Materials, 19(11), 2195. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19112195

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Structure-Dependent Resistance to Plasma Impact and Terahertz Shielding Stability of MXene/Aramid Nanofiber Composite Films

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