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10.3390/ma18071416
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Article

Insights into the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium–Calcium Alloy (Mg-1.8 at.% Ca) in Thin-Film and Bulk Forms

by
Hüseyin Zengin
1,*,
Andrei Ionut Mardare
1,2,
Andreas Greul
1,
Manuel Hofinger
1,
Gianina Popescu-Pelin
2,
Gabriel Socol
2 and
Achim Walter Hassel
1,3
1
Institute of Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials (TIM), Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
2
Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele, 077125 Ilfov, Romania
3
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Danube Private University, Steiner Landstraße 124, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2025, 18(7), 1416; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071416
Submission received: 30 January 2025 / Revised: 8 March 2025 / Accepted: 21 March 2025 / Published: 23 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Mechanical Behavior of Metal Materials (3rd Edition))
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Abstract

This study investigates the microstructural and corrosion properties of pure magnesium (Mg) and Mg-1.8Ca (at.%) alloy in both bulk and thin-film forms. Microstructure investigations showed that the addition of calcium (Ca) to Mg resulted in significant differences in microstructures. The bulk pure Mg exhibited coarse and elongated α-Mg grains, which were refined by Ca addition, together with the formation of a Mg2Ca intermetallic phase distributed throughout the microstructure. In contrast, thin-film Mg-1.8Ca alloys displayed a refined single-phase microstructure with uniform nm-scale grains and no intermetallic formation. The electrochemical corrosion tests revealed that the bulk and thin-film pure Mg exhibited comparable corrosion rates, while a substantial difference between the corrosion resistance of bulk and thin-film Mg-1.8Ca (at.%) alloy was observed. The thin-film Mg-1.8Ca (at.%) alloy showed an exceptionally better corrosion resistance, attributed to the formation of a more stable surface film and the absence of a less noble Mg2Ca intermetallic phase, ensuring a single-phase microstructure. This study highlights the importance of different manufacturing techniques and microstructural control in improving the performance of Mg alloys for high-tech applications.
Keywords: magnesium alloy; thin film; microstructure; corrosion; electrochemistry magnesium alloy; thin film; microstructure; corrosion; electrochemistry
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MDPI and ACS Style

Zengin, H.; Mardare, A.I.; Greul, A.; Hofinger, M.; Popescu-Pelin, G.; Socol, G.; Hassel, A.W. Insights into the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium–Calcium Alloy (Mg-1.8 at.% Ca) in Thin-Film and Bulk Forms. Materials 2025, 18, 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071416

AMA Style

Zengin H, Mardare AI, Greul A, Hofinger M, Popescu-Pelin G, Socol G, Hassel AW. Insights into the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium–Calcium Alloy (Mg-1.8 at.% Ca) in Thin-Film and Bulk Forms. Materials. 2025; 18(7):1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071416

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zengin, Hüseyin, Andrei Ionut Mardare, Andreas Greul, Manuel Hofinger, Gianina Popescu-Pelin, Gabriel Socol, and Achim Walter Hassel. 2025. "Insights into the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium–Calcium Alloy (Mg-1.8 at.% Ca) in Thin-Film and Bulk Forms" Materials 18, no. 7: 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071416

APA Style

Zengin, H., Mardare, A. I., Greul, A., Hofinger, M., Popescu-Pelin, G., Socol, G., & Hassel, A. W. (2025). Insights into the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium–Calcium Alloy (Mg-1.8 at.% Ca) in Thin-Film and Bulk Forms. Materials, 18(7), 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071416

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