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Volume 18
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10.3390/ma18143407
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Article

Lap Welding of Nickel-Plated Steel and Copper Sheets Using Coaxial Laser Beams

by
Kuan-Wei Su
,
Yi-Hsuan Chen
,
Hung-Yang Chu
and
Ren-Kae Shiue
*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2025, 18(14), 3407; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143407
Submission received: 8 June 2025 / Revised: 5 July 2025 / Accepted: 17 July 2025 / Published: 21 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fusion Bonding/Welding of Metal and Non-Metallic Materials)
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Abstract

The laser heterogeneous lap welding of nickel-plated steel and Cu sheets has been investigated in this study. The YAG (Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet) laser beam only penetrates the upper Ni-plated steel sheet and cannot weld the bottom Cu sheet due to the low absorption coefficient of the YAG laser beam. Incorporating a blue-light and fiber laser into the coaxial laser beam significantly improves the quality of the weld fusion zone. The fiber laser beam can penetrate the upper nickel-plated steel sheet, and the blue-light laser beam can melt the bottom copper sheet. Introducing the blue-light laser to the coaxial laser beams overcomes the low reflectivity of the bottom copper sheet. The fiber/blue-light coaxial laser continuous welding can achieve the best integrity and defect-free welding. It shows potential in the mass production of the next generation of lithium batteries.
Keywords: blue-light laser; coaxial laser welding; heterogeneous lap joint; copper; nickel-plated steel; microstructure blue-light laser; coaxial laser welding; heterogeneous lap joint; copper; nickel-plated steel; microstructure

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MDPI and ACS Style

Su, K.-W.; Chen, Y.-H.; Chu, H.-Y.; Shiue, R.-K. Lap Welding of Nickel-Plated Steel and Copper Sheets Using Coaxial Laser Beams. Materials 2025, 18, 3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143407

AMA Style

Su K-W, Chen Y-H, Chu H-Y, Shiue R-K. Lap Welding of Nickel-Plated Steel and Copper Sheets Using Coaxial Laser Beams. Materials. 2025; 18(14):3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143407

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su, Kuan-Wei, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Hung-Yang Chu, and Ren-Kae Shiue. 2025. "Lap Welding of Nickel-Plated Steel and Copper Sheets Using Coaxial Laser Beams" Materials 18, no. 14: 3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143407

APA Style

Su, K.-W., Chen, Y.-H., Chu, H.-Y., & Shiue, R.-K. (2025). Lap Welding of Nickel-Plated Steel and Copper Sheets Using Coaxial Laser Beams. Materials, 18(14), 3407. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143407

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