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Article

Investigation on Mechanism of Microstructure Evolution during Multi-Process Hot Forming of GH4169 Superalloy Forging

by
Ming-Song Chen
1,2,*,
Hong-Wei Cai
1,3,
Yong-Cheng Lin
2,3,*,
Guan-Qiang Wang
2,3,*,
Hong-Bin Li
4,
An Liu
1,3,
Ze-Hao Li
1,3 and
Shan Peng
1,3
1
Light Alloy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
2
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, Changsha 410083, China
4
College of Metallurgies and Energy, North China Science and Technologies University, Tangshan 063009, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1697; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071697
Submission received: 21 February 2024 / Revised: 3 April 2024 / Accepted: 5 April 2024 / Published: 7 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review and Feature Papers in "Metals and Alloys" Section)
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Abstract

Typically, in the manufacturing of GH4169 superalloy forgings, the multi-process hot forming that consists of pre-deformation, heat treatment and final deformation is required. This study focuses on the microstructural evolution throughout hot working processes. Considering that δ phase can promote nucleation and limit the growth of grains, a process route was designed, including pre-deformation, aging treatment (AT) to precipitate sufficient δ phases, high temperature holding (HTH) to uniformly heat the forging, and final deformation. The results show that the uneven strain distribution after pre-deformation has a significant impact on the subsequent refinement of the grain microstructure due to the complex coupling relationship between the evolution of the δ phase and recrystallization behavior. After the final deformation, the fine-grain microstructure with short rod-like δ phases as boundaries is easy to form in the region with a large strain of the pre-forging. However, necklace-like mixed grain microstructure is formed in the region with a small strain of the pre-forging. In addition, when the microstructure before final deformation consists of mixed grains, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) nucleation behavior preferentially depends on kernel average misorientation (KAM) values. A large KAM can promote the formation of DRX nuclei. When the KAM values are close, a smaller average grain size of mixed-grain microstructure is more conductive to promote the DRX nucleation. Finally, the interaction mechanisms between δ phase and DRX nucleation are revealed.
Keywords: GH4169 superalloy; multi-process hot forming; dynamic recrystallization nucleation; δ phase GH4169 superalloy; multi-process hot forming; dynamic recrystallization nucleation; δ phase

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, M.-S.; Cai, H.-W.; Lin, Y.-C.; Wang, G.-Q.; Li, H.-B.; Liu, A.; Li, Z.-H.; Peng, S. Investigation on Mechanism of Microstructure Evolution during Multi-Process Hot Forming of GH4169 Superalloy Forging. Materials 2024, 17, 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071697

AMA Style

Chen M-S, Cai H-W, Lin Y-C, Wang G-Q, Li H-B, Liu A, Li Z-H, Peng S. Investigation on Mechanism of Microstructure Evolution during Multi-Process Hot Forming of GH4169 Superalloy Forging. Materials. 2024; 17(7):1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071697

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Ming-Song, Hong-Wei Cai, Yong-Cheng Lin, Guan-Qiang Wang, Hong-Bin Li, An Liu, Ze-Hao Li, and Shan Peng. 2024. "Investigation on Mechanism of Microstructure Evolution during Multi-Process Hot Forming of GH4169 Superalloy Forging" Materials 17, no. 7: 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071697

APA Style

Chen, M.-S., Cai, H.-W., Lin, Y.-C., Wang, G.-Q., Li, H.-B., Liu, A., Li, Z.-H., & Peng, S. (2024). Investigation on Mechanism of Microstructure Evolution during Multi-Process Hot Forming of GH4169 Superalloy Forging. Materials, 17(7), 1697. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071697

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