Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment

Al-kroom, Hussein; Abdel-Gawwad, Hamdy A.; Abd Elrahman, Mohamed; Abdel-Aleem, Saleh; Saad Ahmed, Mohamed; Salama, Yasser F.; Qaysi, Saleh; Techman, Mateusz; Seliem, Moaaz K.; Youssf, Osama

doi:10.3390/ma16041412

Open AccessArticle

Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment

by

Hussein Al-kroom

¹

,

Hamdy A. Abdel-Gawwad

²,

Mohamed Abd Elrahman

³

,

Saleh Abdel-Aleem

⁴

,

Mohamed Saad Ahmed

⁵

,

Yasser F. Salama

⁶,

Saleh Qaysi

⁵

,

Mateusz Techman

⁷

,

Moaaz K. Seliem

⁸ and

Osama Youssf

^3,*

¹

Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan

²

Housing and Building National Research Center (HBRC), Raw Building Materials and Processing Technology Research Institute, Cairo 12311, Egypt

³

Structural Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt

⁴

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt

⁵

Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia

⁶

Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt

⁷

Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70310 Szczecin, Poland

⁸

Faculty of Earth Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1412; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041412

Submission received: 6 January 2023 / Revised: 28 January 2023 / Accepted: 2 February 2023 / Published: 8 February 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geopolymers and Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Composites)

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Abstract

This study reports a potential approach for the valorization of glass waste (GW) that is mainly composed of amorphous silica to prepare lightweight foamed glass (FG). The preparation of FG was achieved by mixing sodium hydroxide with GW powder followed by sintering at a temperature of 800 °C. As-synthesized FG was characterized and applied as an effective adsorbent for the removal of hazardous organic water contaminants, in particular, methylene blue (MB) dye. FG exhibited porosity of 91%, bulk density of 0.65 g/cm³, compressive strength of 4 MPa, and thermal conductivity of 0.27 W/m·K. Theoretical treatment indicated that a monolayer model with one energy site was the best in fitting the removal of MB molecules. The number of MB molecules per active site (n) ranged from 2.20 to 1.70, suggesting vertical orientation and a multi-molecular adsorption mechanism. The density of FG receptor sites (D_M) increased with the temperature, and this parameter played a vital role in the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity (Q_sat) increased from 255.11 to 305.58 mg/g, which signifies endothermic interactions. MB adsorption on FG was controlled by physical forces such as electrostatic interactions (i.e., the adsorption energies were <20 kJ/mol). The results of this study prove the feasibility of glass waste as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for water remediation.

Keywords: glass waste; foamed glass; alkali activation; porous structure; basic dyes; statistical modeling; mechanism

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MDPI and ACS Style

Al-kroom, H.; Abdel-Gawwad, H.A.; Abd Elrahman, M.; Abdel-Aleem, S.; Saad Ahmed, M.; Salama, Y.F.; Qaysi, S.; Techman, M.; Seliem, M.K.; Youssf, O. Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment. Materials 2023, 16, 1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041412

AMA Style

Al-kroom H, Abdel-Gawwad HA, Abd Elrahman M, Abdel-Aleem S, Saad Ahmed M, Salama YF, Qaysi S, Techman M, Seliem MK, Youssf O. Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment. Materials. 2023; 16(4):1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041412

Chicago/Turabian Style

Al-kroom, Hussein, Hamdy A. Abdel-Gawwad, Mohamed Abd Elrahman, Saleh Abdel-Aleem, Mohamed Saad Ahmed, Yasser F. Salama, Saleh Qaysi, Mateusz Techman, Moaaz K. Seliem, and Osama Youssf. 2023. "Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment" Materials 16, no. 4: 1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041412

APA Style

Al-kroom, H., Abdel-Gawwad, H. A., Abd Elrahman, M., Abdel-Aleem, S., Saad Ahmed, M., Salama, Y. F., Qaysi, S., Techman, M., Seliem, M. K., & Youssf, O. (2023). Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment. Materials, 16(4), 1412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041412

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Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment

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