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Volume 16
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10.3390/ma16134584
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Article

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering

by
Ahmed-Ameur Zegai
1,
Hossein Besharatloo
2,3,*,
Pablo Ortega
2,
Boubekeur Djerdjare
1,
Begoña Ferrari
2 and
Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia
2
1
Laboratory of Materials Sciences and Engineering (LSGM), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers, Algeria
2
Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, Calle Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain
3
CIEFMA, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4584; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134584
Submission received: 17 May 2023 / Revised: 20 June 2023 / Accepted: 22 June 2023 / Published: 25 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The 15th Anniversary of Materials—Recent Advances in Materials Physics)
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Abstract

This study investigates the sintering behaviour and properties of WC-based composites in which WC was mixed with W5vol%Ni in concentrations of 10vol% and 20vol%. Colloidal processing in water and spark plasma sintering were employed to disperse the WC particles and facilitate sintering. The addition of W5vol%Ni improved the sintering process, as evident from a lower onset temperature of shrinkage determined through dilatometric studies. All samples exhibited the formation of tungsten monocarbide (W2C), with a more pronounced presence in the WC/20(W5vol%Ni) composite. Sintering reached its maximum rate at 1550 °C and was completed at 1600 °C, resulting in a final density exceeding 99.8%. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the detection of WC and W2C phases after sintering. The observed WC content was higher than expected, which may be attributed to carbon diffusion during the process. Macro-scale mechanical characterisations revealed that the WC/10(W5vol%Ni) composite exhibited a hardness of 18.9 GPa, while the WC/20(W5vol%Ni) composite demonstrated a hardness of 18.3 GPa. Increasing the W5vol%Ni binder content caused a decrease in mechanical properties due to the formation of W2C phases. This study provides valuable insights into the sintering behavior and properties of WC/W5vol%Ni composites, offering potential applications in extreme environments.
Keywords: tungsten carbide; colloidal processing; spark plasma sintering; sintering aid; microstructural characterisation; mechanical characterization tungsten carbide; colloidal processing; spark plasma sintering; sintering aid; microstructural characterisation; mechanical characterization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zegai, A.-A.; Besharatloo, H.; Ortega, P.; Djerdjare, B.; Ferrari, B.; Sanchez-Herencia, A.J. Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering. Materials 2023, 16, 4584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134584

AMA Style

Zegai A-A, Besharatloo H, Ortega P, Djerdjare B, Ferrari B, Sanchez-Herencia AJ. Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering. Materials. 2023; 16(13):4584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134584

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zegai, Ahmed-Ameur, Hossein Besharatloo, Pablo Ortega, Boubekeur Djerdjare, Begoña Ferrari, and Antonio Javier Sanchez-Herencia. 2023. "Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering" Materials 16, no. 13: 4584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134584

APA Style

Zegai, A.-A., Besharatloo, H., Ortega, P., Djerdjare, B., Ferrari, B., & Sanchez-Herencia, A. J. (2023). Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Colloidal Processed WC/(W5Vol%Ni) via Spark Plasma Sintering. Materials, 16(13), 4584. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134584

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