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Volume 16
Issue 11
10.3390/ma16113917
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Review

Functional Materials for Fabrication of Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Ink Formulation and Its Effect on Solar Cell Performance

by
Dena Pourjafari
1,
Nidia G. García-Peña
1,
Wendy Y. Padrón-Hernández
2,
Diecenia Peralta-Domínguez
1,
Alejandra María Castro-Chong
3,4,
Mahmoud Nabil
5,
Roberto C. Avilés-Betanzos
1 and
Gerko Oskam
1,6,*
1
Department of Applied Physics, CINVESTAV-IPN, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km 6, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico
2
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte, Km 33.5, Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Merida 97203, Yucatan, Mexico
3
Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón 64, Centro 78000, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
4
Engineering and Science School, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Avenida Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnológico, Monterrey 64700, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
5
Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Avenida Industrias No Contaminantes por Anillo Periférico Norte, Merida 97203, Yucatan, Mexico
6
Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2023, 16(11), 3917; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113917
Submission received: 4 April 2023 / Revised: 4 May 2023 / Accepted: 16 May 2023 / Published: 23 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Inks: Formulation, Characterization and Printing Techniques)
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Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly developed into one of the most attractive photovoltaic technologies, exceeding power conversion efficiencies of 25% and as the most promising technology to complement silicon-based solar cells. Among different types of PSCs, carbon-based, hole-conductor-free PSCs (C-PSCs), in particular, are seen as a viable candidate for commercialization due to the high stability, ease of fabrication, and low cost. This review examines strategies to increase charge separation, extraction, and transport properties in C-PSCs to improve the power conversion efficiency. These strategies include the use of new or modified electron transport materials, hole transport layers, and carbon electrodes. Additionally, the working principles of various printing techniques for the fabrication of C-PSCs are presented, as well as the most remarkable results obtained from each technique for small-scale devices. Finally, the manufacture of perovskite solar modules using scalable deposition techniques is discussed.
Keywords: nanoinks; screen printing; inkjet printing; spray deposition; metal oxides; nanomaterials nanoinks; screen printing; inkjet printing; spray deposition; metal oxides; nanomaterials

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pourjafari, D.; García-Peña, N.G.; Padrón-Hernández, W.Y.; Peralta-Domínguez, D.; Castro-Chong, A.M.; Nabil, M.; Avilés-Betanzos, R.C.; Oskam, G. Functional Materials for Fabrication of Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Ink Formulation and Its Effect on Solar Cell Performance. Materials 2023, 16, 3917. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113917

AMA Style

Pourjafari D, García-Peña NG, Padrón-Hernández WY, Peralta-Domínguez D, Castro-Chong AM, Nabil M, Avilés-Betanzos RC, Oskam G. Functional Materials for Fabrication of Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Ink Formulation and Its Effect on Solar Cell Performance. Materials. 2023; 16(11):3917. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113917

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pourjafari, Dena, Nidia G. García-Peña, Wendy Y. Padrón-Hernández, Diecenia Peralta-Domínguez, Alejandra María Castro-Chong, Mahmoud Nabil, Roberto C. Avilés-Betanzos, and Gerko Oskam. 2023. "Functional Materials for Fabrication of Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Ink Formulation and Its Effect on Solar Cell Performance" Materials 16, no. 11: 3917. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113917

APA Style

Pourjafari, D., García-Peña, N. G., Padrón-Hernández, W. Y., Peralta-Domínguez, D., Castro-Chong, A. M., Nabil, M., Avilés-Betanzos, R. C., & Oskam, G. (2023). Functional Materials for Fabrication of Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Ink Formulation and Its Effect on Solar Cell Performance. Materials, 16(11), 3917. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16113917

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