Study on the Durability of Acid Rain Erosion-Resistant Asphalt Mixtures
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.1.1. Asphalt
2.1.2. Aggregates and Gradation Composition Design
2.1.3. Waste Rubber Powder and Modified Bamboo Fiber
2.2. Experiments
2.2.1. Physical Properties of Asphalt Binder
2.2.2. Preparation of Asphalt Mixture
2.2.3. Periodic Dry–Wet Cycle Immersion Test
2.2.4. Aging Test
2.2.5. Low-Temperature Stability Test
2.2.6. Moisture Stability Test
2.2.7. Fatigue Life Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Performance Analysis of Asphalt Binder
3.1.1. Physical Performance
3.1.2. Adhesion Performance
3.2. Anti-Aging Properties of Asphalt Mixture
3.2.1. Different Aging Time
3.2.2. Different Acidic Conditions
Low-Temperature Performance
Moisture Stability
3.3. Freeze–Thaw Cycle Durability of Asphalt Mixture
3.4. Fatigue Property of Asphalt Mixture
3.5. Grey Correlation Analysis
3.5.1. Anti-Aging Properties of Asphalt Mixtures
3.5.2. Freeze–Thaw Cycle Durability of Asphalt Mixtures
3.5.3. Fatigue Property of Asphalt Mixtures
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Property | Penetration (25 °C, 0.1 mm) | Softening Point (°C) | Ductility (10 °C, cm) | Dynamic Viscosity (60 °C, Pa·s) | Mass Change after TFOT * (%) | Residual Penetration after TFOT (25 °C, %) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epoxy asphalt | 39.8 | 98.0 | 45.0 | 29,365 | 0.00 | 91.3 |
SBS-modified asphalt | 49.0 | 87.5 | 34.0 | 24,564 | −0.01 | 76.4 |
70# matrix asphalt | 64.0 | 48.0 | 24.7 | 500 | −0.02 | 69.8 |
Mixture Type | Passing Rate (mm) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16 | 13.2 | 9.5 | 4.75 | 2.36 | 1.18 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.15 | 0.075 | |
AC-13 | 100 | 94.7 | 75.5 | 43.6 | 30.0 | 23.1 | 15.7 | 11.2 | 9.4 | 7.4 |
SMA-13 | 100 | 92.2 | 64.9 | 27.6 | 23.1 | 19.2 | 16.6 | 14.6 | 13.1 | 10.3 |
OGFC-13 | 100 | 92.3 | 64.6 | 24.8 | 16.9 | 13.0 | 8.9 | 6.4 | 5.4 | 4.3 |
Mixture Type | Gradation Type | Asphalt Type | Waste Rubber Powder | Modified Bamboo Fiber | Optimum Asphalt Content (%) | Void Fraction (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epoxy Asphalt | SBS-Modified Asphalt | 70# Matrix Asphalt | ||||||
AC1 | AC-13 | √ | √ | √ | 5.5 | 3.0 | ||
AC2 | √ | √ | √ | 5.3 | 3.0 | |||
AC3 | √ | √ | √ | 5.0 | 3.0 | |||
AC4 | √ | 4.9 | 3.5 | |||||
SMA | SMA-13 | √ | √ | √ | 6.2 | 4.0 | ||
OGFC | OGFC-13 | √ | √ | √ | 4.6 | 19.7 |
Technical Index | Epoxy Asphalt | SBS-Modified Asphalt | 70# Matrix Asphalt |
---|---|---|---|
Softening point (°C) | 98.5 | 88.1 | 51.2 |
Penetration (25 °C, 0.1 mm) | 38.2 | 47.6 | 73.0 |
Ductility (10 °C, cm) | 45.3 | 34.5 | 25.2 |
Dynamic viscosity(60 °C, Pa·s) | 29,524 | 24,713 | 517 |
Sticky toughness(25 °C, N·m) | 21.4 | 19.2 | 12.6 |
Toughness(25 °C, N·m) | 18.8 | 17.6 | 12.4 |
Elastic recovery rate (%) | 93 | 86 | 82 |
Mixture Type | pH = 2 | R2 | pH = 4.5 | R2 | pH = 7 | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AC1 | y = −4.7491x + 6.3062 | 0.9921 | y = −4.6516x + 6.58973 | 0.9913 | y = −4.1363x + 6.66242 | 0.9987 |
AC2 | y = −5.7637x + 5.9202 | 0.9932 | y = −5.3321x + 6.08838 | 0.9947 | y = −4.7697x + 6.17921 | 0.9919 |
AC3 | y = −5.9980x + 5.6859 | 0.9945 | y = −5.2070x + 5.82755 | 0.9991 | y = −5.9980x + 5.68598 | 0.9995 |
AC4 | y = −4.8106x + 5.9741 | 0.9966 | y = −4.8006x + 6.38764 | 0.9928 | y = −4.8106x + 5.97415 | 0.9955 |
SMA | y = −4.6722x + 6.0570 | 0.9917 | y = −4.4152x + 6.44897 | 0.9932 | y = −4.1029x + 6.54462 | 0.9908 |
OGFC | y = −6.8321x + 5.5940 | 0.9918 | y = −5.2975x + 5.62817 | 0.9954 | y = −4.8933x + 5.75816 | 0.9908 |
Evaluation Index | Serial Number | Maximum Flexural Tensile Strain (×10−6 με) | S0 (%) | Aging Time (h) | pH Value of Acid Solution | Wet-Dry Cycle Immersion Period (Cycle) | 4.75 mm Pass Rate (%) | Ductility (10 °C, cm) | Dynamic Viscosity (60 °C, Pa·s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low-temperature stability | 1 | 3483 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 43.6 | 24.7 | ||
2 | 2063 | 30 | 4.5 | 3 | 24.8 | 34 | |||
3 | 2307 | 90 | 2 | 3 | 27.6 | 45 | |||
4 | 2514 | 60 | 4.5 | 5 | 43.6 | 45 | |||
5 | 3014 | 120 | 7 | 5 | 27.6 | 24.7 | |||
6 | 1874 | 120 | 2 | 1 | 24.8 | 34 | |||
Moisture stability | 1 | 96 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 43.6 | 29,365 | ||
2 | 91.5 | 30 | 4.5 | 3 | 24.8 | 24,564 | |||
3 | 65.7 | 60 | 2 | 3 | 27.6 | 500 | |||
4 | 74.2 | 90 | 4.5 | 5 | 43.6 | 500 | |||
5 | 86.5 | 120 | 7 | 5 | 27.6 | 29,365 | |||
6 | 87.2 | 120 | 2 | 1 | 24.8 | 24,564 |
Serial Number | TSR (%) | pH Value of Acid Solution | Freeze-Thaw Cycle Times (Cycle) | Dynamic Viscosity (60 °C, Pa·s) | 4.75 mm PASS Rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 84.9 | 2 | 2 | 29,365 | 43.6 |
2 | 77.3 | 4.5 | 4 | 24,564 | 27.6 |
3 | 63.4 | 4.5 | 6 | 500 | 24.8 |
4 | 78.4 | 7 | 4 | 24,564 | 43.6 |
5 | 76.3 | 7 | 6 | 29,365 | 27.6 |
Serial Number | Fatigue Life (Times) | pH Value of Soaking Solution | Tensile Stress Level | Elastic Recovery Rate (%) | 4.75 mm Pass Rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 21,244 | 7 | 0.3 | 93 | 43.6 |
2 | 17,643 | 7 | 0.4 | 86 | 27.6 |
3 | 9477 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 82 | 43.6 |
4 | 12,737 | 4.5 | 0.3 | 86 | 27.6 |
5 | 4227 | 2 | 0.4 | 82 | 24.8 |
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Wei, J.; Chen, Q.; Du, J.; Liu, K.; Jiang, K. Study on the Durability of Acid Rain Erosion-Resistant Asphalt Mixtures. Materials 2022, 15, 1849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15051849
Wei J, Chen Q, Du J, Liu K, Jiang K. Study on the Durability of Acid Rain Erosion-Resistant Asphalt Mixtures. Materials. 2022; 15(5):1849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15051849
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei, Jiatuo, Quansheng Chen, Jiaying Du, Kefei Liu, and Kang Jiang. 2022. "Study on the Durability of Acid Rain Erosion-Resistant Asphalt Mixtures" Materials 15, no. 5: 1849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15051849