Roughness and SEM Analysis of Manual and Ultrasonic Instrumentation over Different Crown Materials for Dental Implants Restorations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- All the vestibular surfaces of the first five elements of each material were mechanically treated with a peek insert (ICS-IC1, Mectron, Carasco, Italy) mounted on a MultiPiezo ultrasonic motor (Mectron, Carasco, Italy);
- All the lingual surfaces of the first five elements of each material were mechanically treated with a steel insert (PS, EMS, Nyon, Switzerland) mounted on a Mini Piezon ultrasonic motor (EMS, Nyon, Switzerland);
- All the vestibular surfaces of the second five elements of each material were manually treated with titanium curettes (Wingrove 3-4, PDT, Missoula, MT, USA);
- All the lingual surfaces of the second five elements of each material were manually treated with 11-12 steel curettes (PDT, Missoula, MT, USA).
3. Statistical Analyses
4. Results
- 1.
- Composite
- 2.
- Lithium disilicate
- 3.
- Ceramic
- 4.
- Zirconium
4.1. SEM Analysis after Instrumentation
- 1.
- Composite
- 2.
- Lithium disilicate
- 3.
- Ceramic
- 4.
- Zirconium
4.2. Statistical Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Instrumentation Performed | Label Table 1 |
---|---|
Instrumented composite with ultrasonic steel insert lingual surface first elements | CUA |
Instrumented composite with ultrasonic peek insert vestibular surface first elements | CUP |
Instrumented composite with steel curette lingual surfaces of the second elements | CMA |
Instrumented composite with titanium insert vestibular surfaces of the second elements | CMT |
Instrumented disilicate with ultrasonic steel insert lingual surface first elements | DUA |
Instrumented disilicate with ultrasonic peek insert vestibular surface first elements | DUP |
Instrumented disilicate with steel curette lingual surfaces of the second elements | DMA |
Instrumented disilicate with titanium insert vestibular surfaces of the second elements | DMT |
Instrumented ceramic with ultrasonic steel insert lingual surface first elements | MUA |
Instrumented ceramic with ultrasonic peek insert vestibular surface first elements | MUP |
Instrumented ceramic with steel curette lingual surfaces of the second elements | MMA |
Instrumented ceramic with titanium insert vestibular surfaces of the second elements | MMT |
Instrumented zirconia with ultrasonic steel insert lingual surface first elements | ZUA |
Instrumented zirconia with ultrasonic peek insert vestibular surface first elements | ZUP |
Instrumented zirconia with steel curette lingual surfaces of the second elements | ZMA |
Instrumented zirconia with titanium insert vestibular surfaces of the second elements | ZMT |
Material | p (Bonferroni) | |
---|---|---|
Composite | Lithium disilicate | 1.47 × 10−7 |
Composite | Metal ceramic | 0.235 |
Composite | Zirconia ceramic | 0.023 |
Lithium disilicate | Metal ceramic | 0.003 |
Lithium disilicate | Zirconia ceramic | 0.054 |
Metal ceramic | Zirconia ceramic | 1 |
Instrumentation | p (Bonferroni) | |
---|---|---|
Ultrasonic-steel | Ultrasonic-peek | 0.089 |
Ultrasonic-steel | Manual-steel | 0.032 |
Ultrasonic-steel | Manual-titanium | 0.002 |
Ultrasonic-peek | Manual-steel | 1 |
Ultrasonic-peek | Manual-titanium | 1 |
Manual-steel | Manual-titanium | 1 |
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Baldi, D.; Colombo, J.; Gavoglio, P.; De Giorgis, L.; Motta, F.; Lugas, A.; Lertora, E.; Schierano, G. Roughness and SEM Analysis of Manual and Ultrasonic Instrumentation over Different Crown Materials for Dental Implants Restorations. Materials 2022, 15, 1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031159
Baldi D, Colombo J, Gavoglio P, De Giorgis L, Motta F, Lugas A, Lertora E, Schierano G. Roughness and SEM Analysis of Manual and Ultrasonic Instrumentation over Different Crown Materials for Dental Implants Restorations. Materials. 2022; 15(3):1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031159
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaldi, Domenico, Jacopo Colombo, Paola Gavoglio, Luisa De Giorgis, Franco Motta, Andrea Lugas, Enrico Lertora, and Gianmario Schierano. 2022. "Roughness and SEM Analysis of Manual and Ultrasonic Instrumentation over Different Crown Materials for Dental Implants Restorations" Materials 15, no. 3: 1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031159