Characterization of Five Collagenous Biomaterials by SEM Observations, TG-DTA, Collagenase Dissolution Tests and Subcutaneous Implantation Tests
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. SEM Observations
2.2.2. TG-DTA
2.2.3. Collagenase Dissolution Tests
2.2.4. Subcutaneous Implantation Tests
2.2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. SEM Observations
3.2. TG-DTA
3.3. Collagenase Dissolution Tests
3.4. Subcutaneous Implantations Tests
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- SEM observations confirmed that the dermis-type and membranous-type materials were fibrous and porous;
- TG-DTA revealed two characteristic DTG peak temperatures at about 220 °C and 320 °C. The combined specific DTG peak temperature appeared to imply the degree of cross-linking of collagen products;
- Collagenase dissolution tests directly indicated the level of cross-linking of collagen products, ranging from about 40 to 500 min;
- Subcutaneous implantation tests showed direct in vivo longevity of collagenous biomaterials; and
- The membranous collagenous biomaterials were more cross-linked, leading to higher specific DTG peak temperature, larger collagenase dissolution time, and longer in vivo durability, compared with dermis-type ones because of intensified degree of cross-linking in collagen fibrils.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ANOVA | Analysis of variance |
DSC | Differential Scanning Calorimetry |
DTA | Differential Thermal Analysis |
DTG | Derivative Thermal Gravimetry |
GBR | Guided Bone Regeneration |
GTR | Guided Tissue Regeneration |
SEM | Scanning Electron Microscopy |
TG-DTA | Thermogravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis |
3D | Three-Dimensional |
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Product Name | Tissue Source (Cross-Linking) | Main Usage | Lot No. | Code |
---|---|---|---|---|
Terudermis | Bovine dermis (Yes) | Artificial dermis | M10063 | TD |
Teruplug | Bovine dermis (Yes) | Filling of tooth extraction socket | M1007F | TP |
Koken Tissue Guide | Bovine dermis and tendon (Yes) | GTR membrane | 19050A | KT |
Biomend | Bovine tendon (Yes) | GTR/GBR membrane | 1112022 | BM |
Bio-gide | Porcine dermis (No) | GTR/GBR membrane | 81901547 | BG |
Sample | Water Evaporation | Peak Temperature 1 | Peak Temperature 2 | Remained | Specific Peak Temperature |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TD | 65.7 °C | 215.4 °C | 322.5 °C | 228.4 °C | |
(7.0 wt%) | (75.2 wt%) | (10.4 wt%) | (7.4 wt%) | ||
TP | 65.2 °C | 206.3 °C | 326.5 °C | 300.7 °C | |
(9.0 wt%) | (14.8 wt%) | (54.1 wt%) | (22.1 wt%) | ||
KT | 58.0 °C | 230.7 °C | 326.5 °C | 326.5 °C | |
(7.5 wt%) | (virtually 0 wt%) | (74.6 wt%) | (17.9 wt%) | ||
BM | 72.2 °C | 222.3 °C | 315.8 °C | 315.8 °C | |
(9.8 wt%) | (virtually 0 wt%) | (70.4 wt%) | (19.8 wt%) | ||
BG | 63.2 °C | 226.5 °C | 328.9 °C | 328.5 °C | |
(9.7 wt%) | (0.3 wt%) | (69.1 wt%) | (20.9 wt%) |
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Hoshi, M.; Sawada, T.; Hatakeyama, W.; Taira, M.; Hachinohe, Y.; Takafuji, K.; Kihara, H.; Takemoto, S.; Kondo, H. Characterization of Five Collagenous Biomaterials by SEM Observations, TG-DTA, Collagenase Dissolution Tests and Subcutaneous Implantation Tests. Materials 2022, 15, 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031155
Hoshi M, Sawada T, Hatakeyama W, Taira M, Hachinohe Y, Takafuji K, Kihara H, Takemoto S, Kondo H. Characterization of Five Collagenous Biomaterials by SEM Observations, TG-DTA, Collagenase Dissolution Tests and Subcutaneous Implantation Tests. Materials. 2022; 15(3):1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031155
Chicago/Turabian StyleHoshi, Miki, Tomofumi Sawada, Wataru Hatakeyama, Masayuki Taira, Yuki Hachinohe, Kyoko Takafuji, Hidemichi Kihara, Shinji Takemoto, and Hisatomo Kondo. 2022. "Characterization of Five Collagenous Biomaterials by SEM Observations, TG-DTA, Collagenase Dissolution Tests and Subcutaneous Implantation Tests" Materials 15, no. 3: 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031155