Experimental and Computational Study of Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of h-BN and GNP Infused Polymer Composites for Elevated Temperature Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methodology
2.1. Preparation of Specimens
Testing Standards
2.2. Experimental Setup
2.2.1. Tensile Test
2.2.2. Flexural Test
2.2.3. Thermogravimetric Analysis
2.2.4. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
2.2.5. SEM and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX)
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Tensile Strength Test
3.1.1. Tensile Test for GNP Based Nanocomposites
3.1.2. Tensile Test for GNP and h-BN Based Nanocomposites
3.2. Three-Point Bending Test for GNP-Based Composites
3.3. Four-Point Bending Test
3.4. Thermogravimetric Analysis
3.5. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
3.6. Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis
4. Simulation of Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
4.1. Simulation Method
4.1.1. Simulation Process
4.1.2. Material Properties
4.1.3. Geometry
4.1.4. Contact Generation
4.1.5. Mesh Generation
4.1.6. Loads and Boundary Conditions
4.1.7. Results and Interpretation
4.1.8. Comparative Study with Validation
4.2. h-Boron Nitride and Graphene with Polyimide Substrate
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Specifications | Dimensions (GNP) | Dimensions (h-BN) |
---|---|---|
Diameter | 2–4 (nm) | 60 (nm) |
Purity | 99.5 (%) | 99.9 (%) |
Density | 2.3 (g/cm3) | 2.29 (g/cm3) |
Molecular Weight | 12.01 (g/mol) | 24.82 (g/mol) |
Young’s Modulus | 1 (TPa) | 3.5 (TPa) |
Melting Point | >3600 (°C) | 2527 (°C) |
No. | Specimen Reference | Elements | Percentage of GNPs by wt |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PE | Plain epoxy | 0.0 |
2 | GNP1 | Plain epoxy + GNPs | 0.1 |
3 | GNP2 | Plain epoxy + GNPs | 0.2 |
4 | GNP3 | Plain epoxy + GNPs | 0.3 |
5 | GNP4 | Plain epoxy + GNPs | 0.4 |
6 | GNP5 | Plain epoxy + GNPs | 0.5 |
7 | GNP6 | Plain epoxy + GNPs | 0.6 |
Sample No. | Specimen Reference | Constituents | Percentage of GNP and h-BNs by wt |
---|---|---|---|
1 | PE | Plain epoxy | 0.0 |
2 | GH1 | Plain epoxy + GNPs + h-BN | 0.1 |
3 | GH2 | Plain epoxy + GNPs+ h-BN | 0.2 |
4 | GH3 | Plain epoxy + GNPs+ h-BN | 0.3 |
5 | GH4 | Plain epoxy + GNPs+ h-BN | 0.4 |
6 | GH5 | Plain epoxy + GNPs + h-BN | 0.5 |
7 | GH6 | Plain epoxy + GNPs+ h-BN | 0.6 |
No. | Parameters | Details |
---|---|---|
1. | Number of samples tested per combination | 04 |
2. | Specimen size | 165 mm × 19 mm × 6 mm |
3. | Epoxy resins | L-12 |
4. | % of GNP/h-BN | 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6% by weight of epoxy resin |
No. | Parameters | Details |
---|---|---|
1. | Number of samples tested per combination | 04 |
2. | Specimen size | 135 mm × 15 mm × 6 mm |
3. | Epoxy resin | L-12 |
4. | % of GNP/h-BN | 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6% by weight of Epoxy resin. |
No. | Parameters | Details |
---|---|---|
1. | Number of samples tested per combination | 04 |
2. | Specimen size | 230 mm × 13 mm × 6 mm |
3. | Epoxy resin | L-12 |
4. | % of GNP/h-BN | 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6% by weight of epoxy resin |
Parameters | Details |
---|---|
Instrument make Resolution | JEOL JSM-63OLA 4 nm |
Electron gun | Tungsten filament |
Parameters | Details |
---|---|
Instrument make Acc. voltage | 6380(LA) 20.0 kV |
Probe current | 1.00000 nA |
Element | Weight % |
---|---|
B | 4.20 |
N | 8.44 |
C | 68.32 |
O | 18.62 |
Element | Weight % |
---|---|
B | 4.89 |
N | 15.09 |
C | 47.52 |
O | 32.50 |
Sl. No. | Material | Young’s Modulus, MPa | Poisson’s Ratio | Density (kg/m3) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Epoxy resin | 130 × 103 | 0.33 | 1400 |
2 | h-BN | 16 × 103 | 0.24 | 2100 |
3 | GNP | 1 × 106 | 0.3 | 2300 |
Description | Experimental Method | Simulation Method | % of Error |
---|---|---|---|
Total deformation (in mm) | 2.2 | 2.56 | 16.36 |
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Choukimath, M.C.; Banapurmath, N.R.; Riaz, F.; Patil, A.Y.; Jalawadi, A.R.; Mujtaba, M.A.; Shahapurkar, K.; Khan, T.M.Y.; Alsehli, M.; Soudagar, M.E.M.; et al. Experimental and Computational Study of Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of h-BN and GNP Infused Polymer Composites for Elevated Temperature Applications. Materials 2022, 15, 5397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155397
Choukimath MC, Banapurmath NR, Riaz F, Patil AY, Jalawadi AR, Mujtaba MA, Shahapurkar K, Khan TMY, Alsehli M, Soudagar MEM, et al. Experimental and Computational Study of Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of h-BN and GNP Infused Polymer Composites for Elevated Temperature Applications. Materials. 2022; 15(15):5397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155397
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoukimath, Mantesh C., Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, Fahid Riaz, Arun Y. Patil, Arun R. Jalawadi, M. A. Mujtaba, Kiran Shahapurkar, T. M. Yunus Khan, Mishal Alsehli, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, and et al. 2022. "Experimental and Computational Study of Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of h-BN and GNP Infused Polymer Composites for Elevated Temperature Applications" Materials 15, no. 15: 5397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155397