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Volume 14
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10.3390/ma14174929
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Review

A Review of Diagnostics Methodologies for Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes and Products

by
Teng Yang
1,2,
Sangram Mazumder
1,2,
Yuqi Jin
2,3,
Brian Squires
3,
Mathew Sofield
3,
Mangesh V. Pantawane
1,2,
Narendra B. Dahotre
1,2 and
Arup Neogi
2,*
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
2
Center for Agile and Adaptive Additive Manufacturing, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76207, USA
3
Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2021, 14(17), 4929; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174929
Submission received: 27 July 2021 / Revised: 26 August 2021 / Accepted: 26 August 2021 / Published: 30 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Topic Metallurgical and Materials Engineering)
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Abstract

Additive manufacturing technologies based on metal are evolving into an essential advanced manufacturing tool for constructing prototypes and parts that can lead to complex structures, dissimilar metal-based structures that cannot be constructed using conventional metallurgical techniques. Unlike traditional manufacturing processes, the metal AM processes are unreliable due to variable process parameters and a lack of conventionally acceptable evaluation methods. A thorough understanding of various diagnostic techniques is essential to improve the quality of additively manufactured products and provide reliable feedback on the manufacturing processes for improving the quality of the products. This review summarizes and discusses various ex-situ inspections and in-situ monitoring methods, including electron-based methods, thermal methods, acoustic methods, laser breakdown, and mechanical methods, for metal additive manufacturing.
Keywords: additive manufacturing; metal 3D printing; electron-based characterization; thermal imaging; ultrasonic test; ultrasonic evaluation; ultrasonic elastography; mechanical test; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; in-situ monitoring; ex-situ inspection; microstructure; defect additive manufacturing; metal 3D printing; electron-based characterization; thermal imaging; ultrasonic test; ultrasonic evaluation; ultrasonic elastography; mechanical test; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; in-situ monitoring; ex-situ inspection; microstructure; defect

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, T.; Mazumder, S.; Jin, Y.; Squires, B.; Sofield, M.; Pantawane, M.V.; Dahotre, N.B.; Neogi, A. A Review of Diagnostics Methodologies for Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes and Products. Materials 2021, 14, 4929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174929

AMA Style

Yang T, Mazumder S, Jin Y, Squires B, Sofield M, Pantawane MV, Dahotre NB, Neogi A. A Review of Diagnostics Methodologies for Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes and Products. Materials. 2021; 14(17):4929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174929

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Teng, Sangram Mazumder, Yuqi Jin, Brian Squires, Mathew Sofield, Mangesh V. Pantawane, Narendra B. Dahotre, and Arup Neogi. 2021. "A Review of Diagnostics Methodologies for Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes and Products" Materials 14, no. 17: 4929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174929

APA Style

Yang, T., Mazumder, S., Jin, Y., Squires, B., Sofield, M., Pantawane, M. V., Dahotre, N. B., & Neogi, A. (2021). A Review of Diagnostics Methodologies for Metal Additive Manufacturing Processes and Products. Materials, 14(17), 4929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14174929

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