Characterization of Al2O3 Samples and NiAl–Al2O3 Composite Consolidated by Pulse Plasma Sintering
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Initial Powders and Preparing the Composite Powder
2.2. Pulse Plasma Sintering (PPS) Process
2.3. Experimental Techniques
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Initial Powder Characterization
3.2. NiAl–Al2O3 Composite Powder Characterization
3.3. Characterization of Al2O3 Powder Compacted by PPS
Author | Equation | Type of Crack System |
---|---|---|
Niihara [52] | Radial—median | |
Anstis [53] | Radial—median | |
Lankford [54] | Any kind |
Sintering Temperature | Results of the Helium Pycnometer Measurements and Archimedes Measurements | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density Determined by Helium Pycnometer [g/cm3] | Apparent Density [g/cm3] | Relative Density [%] | Open Porosity [%] | Water Absorptivity [%] | |
1000 °C | 3.93 | 2.6168 | 66.58 | 31.50 | 12.04 |
1100 °C | 3.93 | 2.7309 | 69.49 | 28.23 | 10.34 |
1200 °C | 3.93 | 2.9364 | 74.72 | 24.29 | 8.27 |
1300 °C | 3.93 | 3.2498 | 82.69 | 16.79 | 5.17 |
1400 °C | 3.93 | 3.8088 | 96.92 | 0.81 | 0.21 |
1500 °C | 3.93 | 3.9298 | 99.99 | - | - |
3.4. Characterization of NiAl–Al2O3 Powder Compacted by PPS
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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PPS Process Parameter | Al2O3 Samples | NiAl–Al2O3 Composite Samples |
---|---|---|
Stored Energy | 4.06 ÷ 5.05 kJ | 2.77 kJ |
Voltage | 5.2 ÷ 5.8 kV | 4.3 kV |
Electro-pulse repetition | 1 ÷ 1.3 s | 1.3 s |
Heating rate | 250 °C/min | 250 °C/min |
Sintering temperaturę | 1000 °C, 1100 °C, 1200 °C, 1300 °C, 1400 °C, 1500 °C | 1400 °C |
Load | 20–80 MPa | 20–80 MPa |
Sintering time | 3 min | 3 min |
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Konopka, K.; Krasnowski, M.; Zygmuntowicz, J.; Cymerman, K.; Wachowski, M.; Piotrkiewicz, P. Characterization of Al2O3 Samples and NiAl–Al2O3 Composite Consolidated by Pulse Plasma Sintering. Materials 2021, 14, 3398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123398
Konopka K, Krasnowski M, Zygmuntowicz J, Cymerman K, Wachowski M, Piotrkiewicz P. Characterization of Al2O3 Samples and NiAl–Al2O3 Composite Consolidated by Pulse Plasma Sintering. Materials. 2021; 14(12):3398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123398
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonopka, Katarzyna, Marek Krasnowski, Justyna Zygmuntowicz, Konrad Cymerman, Marcin Wachowski, and Paulina Piotrkiewicz. 2021. "Characterization of Al2O3 Samples and NiAl–Al2O3 Composite Consolidated by Pulse Plasma Sintering" Materials 14, no. 12: 3398. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123398