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10.3390/ma12050705
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Article

Application of a Bioactive/Bioresorbable Three-Dimensional Porous Uncalcined and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-d/l-lactide Composite with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Animal Study

by
Jingjing Sha
1,
Takahiro Kanno
1,*,
Kenichi Miyamoto
2,
Yunpeng Bai
1,
Katsumi Hideshima
1 and
Yumi Matsuzaki
2
1
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
2
Department of Cancer Biology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2019, 12(5), 705; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12050705
Submission received: 23 January 2019 / Revised: 18 February 2019 / Accepted: 25 February 2019 / Published: 27 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymer-based Instructive Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine)
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Abstract

A novel three-dimensional (3D) porous uncalcined and unsintered hydroxyapatite/poly-d/l-lactide (3D-HA/PDLLA) composite demonstrated superior biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, biodegradability, and plasticity, thereby enabling complex maxillofacial defect reconstruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)—a type of adult stem cell—have a multipotent ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, adipocytes, and osteocytes. In a previous study, we found that CD90 (Thy-1, cluster of differentiation 90) and CD271 (low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor) double-positive cell populations from human bone marrow had high proliferative ability and differentiation capacity in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the utility of bone regeneration therapy using implantation of 3D-HA/PDLLA loaded with human MSCs (hMSCs) in mandibular critical defect rats. Microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) indicated that implantation of a 3D-HA/PDLLA-hMSC composite scaffold improved the ability to achieve bone regeneration compared with 3D-HA/PDLLA alone. Compared to the sufficient blood supply in the mandibular defection superior side, a lack of blood supply in the inferior side caused delayed healing. The use of Villanueva Goldner staining (VG staining) revealed the gradual progression of the nucleated cells and new bone from the scaffold border into the central pores, indicating that 3D-HA/PDLLA loaded with hMSCs had good osteoconductivity and an adequate blood supply. These results further demonstrated that the 3D-HA/PDLLA-hMSC composite scaffold was an effective bone regenerative method for maxillofacial boney defect reconstruction.
Keywords: maxillofacial defect; three-dimensional porous uncalcined and unsintered hydroxyapatite/poly-d/l-lactide composite scaffold; human mesenchymal stem cells; bone regeneration; blood supply; osteoconductivity maxillofacial defect; three-dimensional porous uncalcined and unsintered hydroxyapatite/poly-d/l-lactide composite scaffold; human mesenchymal stem cells; bone regeneration; blood supply; osteoconductivity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sha, J.; Kanno, T.; Miyamoto, K.; Bai, Y.; Hideshima, K.; Matsuzaki, Y. Application of a Bioactive/Bioresorbable Three-Dimensional Porous Uncalcined and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-d/l-lactide Composite with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Animal Study. Materials 2019, 12, 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12050705

AMA Style

Sha J, Kanno T, Miyamoto K, Bai Y, Hideshima K, Matsuzaki Y. Application of a Bioactive/Bioresorbable Three-Dimensional Porous Uncalcined and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-d/l-lactide Composite with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Animal Study. Materials. 2019; 12(5):705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12050705

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sha, Jingjing, Takahiro Kanno, Kenichi Miyamoto, Yunpeng Bai, Katsumi Hideshima, and Yumi Matsuzaki. 2019. "Application of a Bioactive/Bioresorbable Three-Dimensional Porous Uncalcined and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-d/l-lactide Composite with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Animal Study" Materials 12, no. 5: 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12050705

APA Style

Sha, J., Kanno, T., Miyamoto, K., Bai, Y., Hideshima, K., & Matsuzaki, Y. (2019). Application of a Bioactive/Bioresorbable Three-Dimensional Porous Uncalcined and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-d/l-lactide Composite with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Animal Study. Materials, 12(5), 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12050705

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