Transport in Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications—A Systematic Non-Equilibrium Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Transport Coefficient Matrix Method (TCM)
3. Membrane Properties: A Literature Survey
3.1. Proton Conductivity
3.2. Water Permeability
3.3. Hydrogen Permeability
3.4. Electro-Osmotic Drag
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Transport Coefficient | Bulk | Interface | Overall |
---|---|---|---|
Conductivity (mS/m) | 45 | 0.88 × 10−3 | 12 |
Water permeability (mol/cm-s-bar) × 109 | 948 | 2.3 × 10−4 | 4.2 |
Hydrogen permeability (mol/cm-s-bar) × 1011 | 50 | 2 × 10−4 | 3.6 |
Electro-osmotic drag (molecule H2O/charge carrier) | 2.75 | 4.6 × 10−4 | 4.05 |
Transport Coefficient | Deviation from Bulk |
---|---|
Conductivity (mS/m) | −73.3% |
Water permeability (mol/cm-s-bar) × 109 | −99.5% |
Hydrogen permeability (mol/cm-s-bar) × 1011 | −92.8% |
Electro-osmotic drag (molecule H2O/charge carrier) | +47.2% |
Transport Coefficient | Conditions | RMSE (unit) | % Error |
---|---|---|---|
Conductivity (mS/cm) | 2- vs. 4-probe | 9.3 | 35% |
In- vs. Through-plane | 41.2 | 33% | |
Water permeability (mol/cm-s-bar) × 109 | - | 3897 | 906% |
Hydrogen permeability (mol/cm-s-bar) × 1011 | - | 0.9 | 28% |
Electro-osmotic drag (molecule H2O/charge carrier) | T = 30 °C | 0.6 | 28% |
T = 80 °C | 0.4 | 30% |
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Rangel-Cárdenas, A.L.; Koper, G.J.M. Transport in Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications—A Systematic Non-Equilibrium Approach. Materials 2017, 10, 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060576
Rangel-Cárdenas AL, Koper GJM. Transport in Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications—A Systematic Non-Equilibrium Approach. Materials. 2017; 10(6):576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060576
Chicago/Turabian StyleRangel-Cárdenas, Angie L., and Ger J. M Koper. 2017. "Transport in Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications—A Systematic Non-Equilibrium Approach" Materials 10, no. 6: 576. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10060576